Clin Trans Gastroenterology:抗生素治疗和早发性结直肠癌的风险之间的关系

2022-01-20 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

有传言说:“人用多了抗生素,抵抗力就会下降,甚至会引发癌症……”事实究竟如何呢?抗生素真的有这么可怕吗?

目前,与结直肠癌(CRC)发病率整体下降形成鲜明对比的是,20-49岁人群的发病率急剧上升。特别是在瑞典,从1991年到2015年,20-39岁人群的年百分比变化为2.8%,40-49岁人群仅为1.2%。早发CRC(EOCRC)或50岁之前的CRC比晚发的CRC(50岁之后的CRC),肿瘤更具侵略性。这种令人担忧的趋势导致美国癌症协会和美国预防服务工作组更新了指南,建议平均风险筛查从45岁而不是50岁开始。因为EOCRC主要在西方人群和亚洲发展中地区中发生率明显增加。卫生条件的改善和广谱抗生素的广泛使用被认为是影响EOCRC的危险因素。随着人们对肠道微生物组在消化道疾病发展中的关键作用有了更多的认识,人们也开始担心抗生素会扰乱这些微生物群落,从而产生失调的宿主/微生物相互作用,促进早期结直肠癌的发生。本项研究旨在探索抗生素使用和EOCRC风险之间的潜在联系。

 

研究人员在瑞典组织病理学报告加强的流行病学 (ESPRESSO) 队列 (2006-2016) 中对年龄≥18岁的个体进行了一项基于人群的 CRC 病例对照研究。主要观察结果是 EOCRC的发生率。次要观察结果是任何年龄的出现的CRC事件。研究人员对所有 CRC患者诊断前 6 个月的医疗处方进行了评估。条件逻辑回归用于估计调整优势比 (aOR) 和 95% 置信区间 (CI)。

 

本项研究共纳入了54804 例CRC患者(2,557 例 EOCRC)和 261089 例对照人群。与没有发生EOCRC事件的患者相比,以前的抗生素使用与 EOCRC的发生风险无关(aOR 1.06, 95% CI: 0.96, 1.17),在按解剖肿瘤部位分层时发现同样没有相关性。相比之下,既往使用抗生素与任何年龄的 CRC 风险升高呈弱相关(aOR 1.05, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.07)。同时,研究人员还观察到广谱抗生素使用与 EOCRC 之间存在潜在但适度的联系(aOR 1.13, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.26)。

图:CRC患者的基本资料

 

本项研究结果证实抗生素的使用与 EOCRC的发生风险没有明显相关性。尽管抗生素的使用与任何年龄的 CRC 风险均呈弱相关性但没有达到统计学差异。

 

原始出处 :

Nguyen. Et al. Antibiotic Therapy and Risk of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer: A National Case-Control Study. Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology.2022.

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    2022-11-27 bsmagic9140
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    2022-10-07 许安
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