Nat Metab :陈宇鹏组揭示多囊肾病代谢重编程的表观调控机制

2020-07-29 BioArt

常染色体显性多囊肾病是最常见的遗传性肾病,发病率约为1/500~1/1000,导致肾功能衰退,约半数患者60岁前进入终末期肾病。最新研究表明ADPKD发病过程中多种代谢途径发生显着变化。

常染色体显性多囊肾病(Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, ADPKD)是最常见的遗传性肾病,发病率约为1/500~1/1000,临床表现为双侧肾囊肿进行性扩大,导致肾功能衰退,约半数患者60岁前进入终末期肾病。最新研究表明ADPKD发病过程中多种代谢途径发生显着变化,但引发ADPKD囊泡细胞代谢重编程的分子机制仍不清楚。

天津医科大学陈宇鹏教授课题组于Nature Metabolism发表了Super-enhancer-driven metabolic reprogramming promotes cystogenesis in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease的文章。该研究发现转录超级增强子通过活化多种代谢调控基因,驱动代谢重编程,进而促进ADPKD的发生发展。

转录超级增强子 (Super enhancer, SE) 是近年来发现的调控基因表达的一类重要顺式作用元件,由多个增强子串联组成,该区域富集转录因子、转录辅因子及特定的组蛋白修饰,在机体发育和疾病发生发展中发挥重要作用。本研究通过绘制SE的全景图谱,发现SE在正常肾脏小管上皮细胞和囊泡上皮细胞中的分布显着不同。进一步通过富集分析发现囊泡上皮细胞中SE调控的基因主要与ADPKD异常活化的代谢通路密切相关。

目前已有研究表明SE的活性受到多个蛋白复合体的调节,其中CDK7(cyclin dependent kinase 7)在SE的建立以及活化中发挥关键作用。进一步的机制研究发现,囊泡上皮细胞中CDK7的表达显着增加,囊泡上皮细胞对CDK7抑制剂THZ1高度敏感。体内实验证实抑制CDK7可以有效减缓ADPKD小鼠囊泡生长,改善小鼠肾功能。通过转录组学和表观组学的联合分析,鉴定了囊泡细胞中SE驱动的促囊泡形成的关键基因,这其中包括多个与代谢调控密切相关的基因。

已有文献报道,AMPK(AMP-activated protein kinase)是调控ADPKD疾病进展的关键调控分子,ADPKD中AMPK的活性显着降低,但其中的调控机制仍不清楚。多组学联合分析的结果表明,腺苷酸脱氨酶AMPD3(AMP deaminase 3)是SE直接调控的下游靶分子。临床标本分析的结果表明,ADPKD患者囊泡上皮细胞中AMPD3表达异常增多,并且与CDK7的表达和疾病的进展呈正相关。AMPD3的主要作用是降低细胞内AMP的水平,由于AMP对于AMPK激酶的活化是重要的形式之一,因此升高的AMPD3降低了AMP,进而抑制了AMPK的激酶活性。使用AMPD抑制剂Pentostatin可有效缓解疾病进程,进一步说明了SE驱动的代谢基因的异常活化在ADPKD发生发展中的重要作用。

综上,该研究发现了在ADPKD中SE活化的机制、其调控的下游靶基因、促进ADPKD代谢重编程中的作用以及ADPKD中AMPK活性下降的可能机制。使用CDK7或者AMPD3的抑制剂可有效抑制ADPKD疾病进展,从而为疾病的治疗提供了新的策略和方案。同时,对SE在囊泡上皮细胞命运转变中的作用及机制的研究,丰富了我们对表观调控在ADPKD中作用的认识,也加深了了我们对于SE的生物学功能和意义的理解。

专家评论:针对这一工作,来自意大利San Raffaele Scientific Institute的Alessandra Boletta教授同期发表了专家评论(News & Views),指出ADPKD中除了囊泡上皮细胞的异常增生还伴随着显着的代谢改变,但是该领域目前面临着一个重要的问题是代谢与增殖的改变是如何同时发生的,或者是否存在着某种因果关系。该评论指出这一新的工作对解释囊泡细胞代谢异常和增殖同时发生提供了关键性的证据,其中SE和CDK7对下游代谢或增殖基因的调控可能发挥着重要的作用。最后评论指出,针对超级增强子或者CDK7的靶向抑制可能会成为ADPKD新的治疗策略。

天津医科大学基础医学院青年教师米泽云博士为论文的第一作者,陈宇鹏教授为通讯作者。本研究还同时得到山东省立医院泌尿微创中心熊晖主任的大力支持。

原始出处:

Zeyun Mi, Yandong Song, Xinyi Cao,et al.Super-enhancer-driven metabolic reprogramming promotes cystogenesis in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.Nat Metab. 2020 Jul 13. doi: 10.1038/s42255-020-0227-4.

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    2021-06-13 guojianrong
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    2021-01-25 一闲
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    2020-11-08 liye789132251
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    2020-07-29 肿肿

    机制研究离临床仍然有距离,不过与临床结合思考,仍然有帮助的,不能仅仅是纯临床思维,转化思维同样重要

    0

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