置信度和置信区间和P值的解读

2016-10-26 MedSci MedSci原创

首先我们要弄清楚两个概念,置信度和置信区间 置信度:以测量值为中心,在一定范围内,真值出现在该范围内的几率。一般设定在2σ,也就是95%,95%是通常情况下置信度(置信水平)的设定值。 置信区间:在某一置信度下,以测量值为中心,真值出现的范围。 我们在论文里经常看到CI,CI是置信区间,一定概率下真值得取值范围(可靠范围)称为置信区间。其概率称为置信概率或置信度(置信水平)&n

首先我们要弄清楚两个概念,置信度和置信区间 置信度:以测量值为中心,在一定范围内,真值出现在该范围内的几率。一般设定在2σ,也就是95%,95%是通常情况下置信度(置信水平)的设定值。 置信区间:在某一置信度下,以测量值为中心,真值出现的范围。 我们在论文里经常看到CI,CI是置信区间,一定概率下真值得取值范围(可靠范围)称为置信区间。其概率称为置信概率或置信度(置信水平) 真实数据往往是实际上不能获知的,我们只能进行估计,估计的结果是给出一对数据,比如从1到1.5,真实的值落在1到1.5之间的可能性是95%(也有5%的可能性在这区间之外的)。区间是由抽样的数据根据大样定律结合查表得来的。区间越小精度越高,区间越大置信度越高。打个比方,我们猜张燕燕的年龄,你给出区间是25-35,这个区间很小置信度很低但精度就很高,你说在8岁到80岁之间,那是百分百的置信度了不过精度太低毫无意义。的确99%准确度高于95%,但是它的精度(精密度)就低于95%。95%的置信度是一般通用的。P值指的是比较的两者的差别是由机遇所致的可能性大小。P值越小,越有理由认为对比事物间存在

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2055371, encodeId=0cc120553e151, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c606e965446' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#置信区间#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79654, encryptionId=c606e965446, topicName=置信区间)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e03212, createdName=liao1619, createdTime=Wed Apr 19 08:27:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=207902, encodeId=606920e902d1, content=又学习了,加深印象, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K1rd14X5tKCSsG6BPqVL4VFZWBdmJzIOjrIZibsKzOCTKMq4Scmq41bXoqUwuicux0tksjqpUiath2O/0, createdBy=a4952044518, createdName=muzinanzi, createdTime=Wed Jun 07 23:38:02 CST 2017, time=2017-06-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=187661, encodeId=ecd418e66128, content=又加深了理解, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmhead/9UjCmequjU9kCytPkWBv9Vm86ERcKqLLofs7pxF08oTIxCetw6gcpg/0, createdBy=2ec72033896, createdName=bing010305, createdTime=Sat Apr 15 12:08:28 CST 2017, time=2017-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=160458, encodeId=1f261604586b, content=太有用了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e10d1988319, createdName=1e19ba8dm24(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Dec 05 16:40:58 CST 2016, time=2016-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=151371, encodeId=877a1513e1a3, content=好!了解详细了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160924/IMG57E6362225FE86593.jpg, createdBy=fc5a1955500, createdName=图院长, createdTime=Wed Oct 26 17:31:50 CST 2016, time=2016-10-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2055371, encodeId=0cc120553e151, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c606e965446' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#置信区间#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79654, encryptionId=c606e965446, topicName=置信区间)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e03212, createdName=liao1619, createdTime=Wed Apr 19 08:27:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=207902, encodeId=606920e902d1, content=又学习了,加深印象, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K1rd14X5tKCSsG6BPqVL4VFZWBdmJzIOjrIZibsKzOCTKMq4Scmq41bXoqUwuicux0tksjqpUiath2O/0, createdBy=a4952044518, createdName=muzinanzi, createdTime=Wed Jun 07 23:38:02 CST 2017, time=2017-06-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=187661, encodeId=ecd418e66128, content=又加深了理解, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmhead/9UjCmequjU9kCytPkWBv9Vm86ERcKqLLofs7pxF08oTIxCetw6gcpg/0, createdBy=2ec72033896, createdName=bing010305, createdTime=Sat Apr 15 12:08:28 CST 2017, time=2017-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=160458, encodeId=1f261604586b, content=太有用了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e10d1988319, createdName=1e19ba8dm24(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Dec 05 16:40:58 CST 2016, time=2016-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=151371, encodeId=877a1513e1a3, content=好!了解详细了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160924/IMG57E6362225FE86593.jpg, createdBy=fc5a1955500, createdName=图院长, createdTime=Wed Oct 26 17:31:50 CST 2016, time=2016-10-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-06-07 muzinanzi

    又学习了,加深印象

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2055371, encodeId=0cc120553e151, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c606e965446' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#置信区间#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79654, encryptionId=c606e965446, topicName=置信区间)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e03212, createdName=liao1619, createdTime=Wed Apr 19 08:27:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=207902, encodeId=606920e902d1, content=又学习了,加深印象, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K1rd14X5tKCSsG6BPqVL4VFZWBdmJzIOjrIZibsKzOCTKMq4Scmq41bXoqUwuicux0tksjqpUiath2O/0, createdBy=a4952044518, createdName=muzinanzi, createdTime=Wed Jun 07 23:38:02 CST 2017, time=2017-06-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=187661, encodeId=ecd418e66128, content=又加深了理解, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmhead/9UjCmequjU9kCytPkWBv9Vm86ERcKqLLofs7pxF08oTIxCetw6gcpg/0, createdBy=2ec72033896, createdName=bing010305, createdTime=Sat Apr 15 12:08:28 CST 2017, time=2017-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=160458, encodeId=1f261604586b, content=太有用了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e10d1988319, createdName=1e19ba8dm24(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Dec 05 16:40:58 CST 2016, time=2016-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=151371, encodeId=877a1513e1a3, content=好!了解详细了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160924/IMG57E6362225FE86593.jpg, createdBy=fc5a1955500, createdName=图院长, createdTime=Wed Oct 26 17:31:50 CST 2016, time=2016-10-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-04-15 bing010305

    又加深了理解

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2055371, encodeId=0cc120553e151, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c606e965446' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#置信区间#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79654, encryptionId=c606e965446, topicName=置信区间)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e03212, createdName=liao1619, createdTime=Wed Apr 19 08:27:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=207902, encodeId=606920e902d1, content=又学习了,加深印象, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K1rd14X5tKCSsG6BPqVL4VFZWBdmJzIOjrIZibsKzOCTKMq4Scmq41bXoqUwuicux0tksjqpUiath2O/0, createdBy=a4952044518, createdName=muzinanzi, createdTime=Wed Jun 07 23:38:02 CST 2017, time=2017-06-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=187661, encodeId=ecd418e66128, content=又加深了理解, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmhead/9UjCmequjU9kCytPkWBv9Vm86ERcKqLLofs7pxF08oTIxCetw6gcpg/0, createdBy=2ec72033896, createdName=bing010305, createdTime=Sat Apr 15 12:08:28 CST 2017, time=2017-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=160458, encodeId=1f261604586b, content=太有用了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e10d1988319, createdName=1e19ba8dm24(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Dec 05 16:40:58 CST 2016, time=2016-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=151371, encodeId=877a1513e1a3, content=好!了解详细了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160924/IMG57E6362225FE86593.jpg, createdBy=fc5a1955500, createdName=图院长, createdTime=Wed Oct 26 17:31:50 CST 2016, time=2016-10-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-12-05 1e19ba8dm24(暂无匿称)

    太有用了

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2055371, encodeId=0cc120553e151, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c606e965446' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#置信区间#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79654, encryptionId=c606e965446, topicName=置信区间)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e03212, createdName=liao1619, createdTime=Wed Apr 19 08:27:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=207902, encodeId=606920e902d1, content=又学习了,加深印象, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K1rd14X5tKCSsG6BPqVL4VFZWBdmJzIOjrIZibsKzOCTKMq4Scmq41bXoqUwuicux0tksjqpUiath2O/0, createdBy=a4952044518, createdName=muzinanzi, createdTime=Wed Jun 07 23:38:02 CST 2017, time=2017-06-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=187661, encodeId=ecd418e66128, content=又加深了理解, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmhead/9UjCmequjU9kCytPkWBv9Vm86ERcKqLLofs7pxF08oTIxCetw6gcpg/0, createdBy=2ec72033896, createdName=bing010305, createdTime=Sat Apr 15 12:08:28 CST 2017, time=2017-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=160458, encodeId=1f261604586b, content=太有用了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e10d1988319, createdName=1e19ba8dm24(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Dec 05 16:40:58 CST 2016, time=2016-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=151371, encodeId=877a1513e1a3, content=好!了解详细了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160924/IMG57E6362225FE86593.jpg, createdBy=fc5a1955500, createdName=图院长, createdTime=Wed Oct 26 17:31:50 CST 2016, time=2016-10-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-26 图院长

    好!了解详细了

    0

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