长城会专访:持续性房颤的导管消融治疗

2016-10-15 MedSci MedSci原创

2016年10月13日至16日,第二十七届长城国际心脏病学会议(GWICC2016)、长城五洲国际心血管病会议、第二十一届国际心血管药物治疗学会年会(ISCP),国际心血管病预防与康复会议(ICCPR)2016、世界心力衰竭大会(WHFC)2016、亚太心脏大会(APHC)2016开幕式在北京国家会议中心隆重举行。心血管疾病预防与危险控制一直备受国内外专家的重视与关注。梅斯的小编有幸采访到了房颤射

2016年10月13日至16日,第二十七届长城国际心脏病学会议(GWICC2016)、长城五洲国际心血管病会议、第二十一届国际心血管药物治疗学会年会(ISCP),国际心血管病预防与康复会议(ICCPR)2016、世界心力衰竭大会(WHFC)2016、亚太心脏大会(APHC)2016开幕式在北京国家会议中心隆重举行。心血管疾病预防与危险控制一直备受国内外专家的重视与关注。梅斯的小编有幸采访到了研究房颤射频消融治疗方面的蔡衡医生。



蔡衡:天津市医科大学总医院心血管内科副主任医师,心律失常、心电生理 中国生物工程学会心率分会青委,中华医学会起搏电生理分会青委。主要研究的是心血管内科的心律失常和心电生理。擅长冠心病介入治疗,复杂心律失常的诊断与治疗。负责心电生理工作,尤其擅长各种心律失常及房颤的射频消融治疗。

梅斯:中国现在心血管方面的病人占了非常大的比重,那在临床病人的治疗方面,对于不同的房颤病人,有哪些不同的治疗策略?

蔡衡:这个问题确实很大,因为房颤发生的人群非常广,人群的发生率可以达到0.5%~1%,因此这是一个非常大的疾病的人群,而对于房颤的治疗来说,涉及到很多的方面,不同种类,不同类型的房颤,临床上治疗的方法也都不一样,而对于多数,平常发生的阵发性房颤,针对于房颤的本身,还是建议做导管消融来消除房颤。而对于消融来说,包括现在常规的射频消融,也包括近年出现的冷冻消融,都有其较好的疗效,这些对于房颤的治疗上都起到了很大的治疗作用。

而对于持续性房颤来说,部分的持续性房颤在可选择的病人当中,导管消融这一手段也能起到很好的作用;对于长程持续性房颤的患者来说,如果是心房比较大、卒中的风险在两分以上的,现在的临床上还有新的选择,如果没有非常明显的导管消融的指证,可以做左心耳封堵的治疗来避免血栓栓塞的并发症。

另一个非常重要的方面就是房颤的药物治疗,对于长程持续性房颤的患者来说,抗凝治疗就是一个长期的事情,当然,也是要根据其房颤卒中风险和出血风险的评估来制定一个有效的治疗策略。

梅斯:前面蔡老师提到了“导管消融术”,那么针对于持续性房颤,导管消融术在临床方面有哪些治疗办法?

蔡衡:持续性房颤在房颤的病人中间也是非常常见的一种病症类型。对于持续性房颤,导管消融也有不同的治疗策略。比如肺静脉的隔离,还有研究是在肺静脉隔离的基础上增加了消融,以及一些递进式的消融的策略。

在以往,包括我个人认为,持续性房颤治疗中,干预的程度越多,除了肺静脉隔离再加各种线性的消融之后,治疗的成功率可能会更高,但是,通过多年的临床实践和病人的随访的程度来看,这种观点并不是非常准确的。当下房颤可能不再发生,但是干预的越多,术后发生其他并发症的几率会增加,这也会影响持续性房颤导管消融的治疗效果。

在去年《新英格兰》杂志发表的文献中,单纯的肺静脉隔离的这一组反而更高,这也对持续性房颤这一疾病导管消融这一治疗产生了一个比较大的影响。因此,现在来说,针对于持续性房颤,最基本的还是要做肺静脉隔离,然后再针对不同的病人其心脏的大小,心肌的情况,以及房颤的不同,来采取不同的个体化的治疗措施,才是针对疾病治疗的更好的选择。

感谢老师跟我们分享了房颤治疗的导管消融的治疗手段,也希望在以后临床和研究方面,对于房颤能有长足的进展,治疗更多为这一疾病困扰着的病人,再次感谢蔡老师。

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