JAHA:轻度减少钠摄入量有助于预防新发高血压

2015-08-04 MedSci 译 MedSci原创

发表在美国心脏协会杂志的一项观察性研究报道了研究人员对4523位血压正常的日本民众进行随访调查的结果。结果表明:日本民众膳食中钠摄入量相对较高且逐渐增加会导致民众血压增高,引起高血压患者增多。1/4的参与者在3年内都出现了血压增高的现象,其中盐摄入量最多的人最有可能发展为高血压。逐渐增加钠摄入量的民众也出现了血压增高的现象。Tomonori Sugiura博士是名古屋城市大学名古屋研究生院医学心肾

发表在美国心脏协会杂志的一项观察性研究,报道了研究人员对4523位血压正常的日本民众进行随访调查的结果。结果表明:日本民众膳食中钠摄入量相对较高且逐渐增加会导致民众血压增高,引起高血压患者增多。


1/4的参与者在3年内都出现了血压增高的现象,其中盐摄入量最多的人最有可能发展为高血压。逐渐增加钠摄入量的民众也出现了血压增高的现象。Tomonori Sugiura博士是名古屋城市大学名古屋研究生院医学心肾和高血压方向的教授助理,他认为,无论研究初始时民众盐摄入量是多是少,只要盐摄入量逐渐增加,居民患高血压的风险就会增加。

Sugiura博士也对美国民众做出了相同的警告,他们得出的结论与对日本民众的调查结果正相关:“美国人平均钠摄入量接近3055mg/天,比卫生组织建议的钠摄入量多出1000mg/天。”
减少钠摄入量可以降低民众患高血压和心脑血管疾病的风险,节约金钱,改善心脏功能。这一结果适用于任何国籍的居民。

美国心脏协会(AHA)建议民众钠摄入量不要超过1500mg/天。他们创立了一个网站名为Sodium Breakup website,里面包含有各种帮助民众减少钠摄入量的方法和指导措施。

医生对参与群众进行常规检查,研究人员通过分析人们的尿液中的钠含量来估计他们的钠摄入量,并对尿分析结果随访3年。研究的结论是,人们食用的钠摄入量最少的时候为2925毫克/天,而摄入量最高的为5644毫克/天。

美国心脏协会发现,美国饮食中3/4的钠来源于加工食品,9/10的美国人钠摄入量实在太多。其中有六种食物钠含量最高:面包卷,冷切肉和腌制的肉类、披萨饼、家禽、汤和三明治。

既往实验和临床研究表明饮食中钠含量过高是导致民众出现高血压的最重要原因之一。目前研究表明,轻度减少钠摄入量有助于预防新发高血压,避免民众年龄越大,血压越高。因此,不增加膳食中钠含量及最大限度地减少钠摄入量是预防高血压的有效措施。

原始出处:

Hiroyuki Takase et al.Dietary sodium consumption predicts future blood pressure and incident hypertension in the Japanese normotensive general population. Journal of the American Heart Association.29 July 2015

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    2016-03-11 lmm397
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    2015-08-05 zhwj

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