JAMA Neurol:治疗伴左心室功能不全的隐源性卒中,利伐沙班与阿司匹林孰优孰劣?

2021-11-07 Naomii MedSci原创

全世界每年大约有200万个缺血性卒中没有明确原因,这些卒中被归类为隐源性卒中。在这项特殊的探索性分析中,利伐沙班比阿司匹林更能降低有左心室功能障碍的参与者再发中风或系统性栓塞的风险。

      全世界每年大约有200万个缺血性卒中没有明确原因,这些卒中被归类为隐源性卒中,约占所有缺血性卒中的17%。隐源性卒中被称为来源不明的栓塞卒中(ESU)。最近的两项随机临床试验(全球试验中的利伐沙班抑制因子Xa与阿司匹林预防ESUS中的栓塞的新方法对比[NAVIGATE ESUS]试验和DABU试验)。所有ESUS患者有复发中风和系统性栓塞的风险。然而,这些试验中的患者具有不同的ESUS潜在病因,抗凝不是这一人群的有效的主要治疗策略。

      尽管不常见,由左心室(LV)引起的心脏栓塞和随后的中风有几个公认的来源,例如由近期发生的急性心肌梗死或严重的LV收缩功能障碍引起的。另一方面,在ESU患者中经常发现LV节段性室壁运动异常和LV收缩功能受损,并可能类似地有血栓形成、心脏栓塞和中风的倾向。然而这些形式的LV功能障碍被认为是ESUS,没有常规的抗凝治疗。近日,有研究人员假设抗凝在降低ESUS患者的心脏栓塞和继发性卒中风险方面优于抗血小板治疗,并有左心室功能不全的证据。

      对新方法利伐沙班在全球试验中抑制凝血因子Xa与阿司匹林预防ESUS(导航ESUS)中栓塞的数据进行了特别探索性分析,这是一项随机的3期临床试验,从2014年12月到2017年9月登记。研究背景包括31个国家的459个中风招募中心。50岁或以上的患者在筛查前7天至6个月内进行了神经成像确认的ESU检查符合条件。在7213名导航ESU参与者中,7107人(98.5%)在研究开始时对左心室功能进行了有案可查的评估,并被纳入本分析。对2021年1月的数据进行了分析。

 参与者被随机分为每天服用15毫克利伐沙班或100毫克阿司匹林。

 这项研究检验了利伐沙班在降低以下风险方面是否优于阿司匹林:

(1)反复中风或系统性栓塞的试验主要结果;

(2)在平均10.4个月的随访中,再次中风、系统性栓塞、心肌梗死或血管死亡的试验次级结果。

通过超声心动图确定局部左心室功能障碍,定义为左心室整体收缩功能中度至重度损害和/或局部室壁运动异常。使用Cox比例风险模型评估治疗交互作用,并根据左心室功能不全状况估计随机服用利伐沙班与阿司匹林的风险比。


  • 502名参与者(7.1%)存在左心室功能障碍。在左心室功能不全的参与者中,平均年龄为67岁(10岁),其中130名为女性(26%)。
  • 在左心室功能不全的参与者中,服用利伐沙班的患者的年化主要事件发生率为2.4%(95%CI,1.1-5.4),而服用阿司匹林的患者的年主要事件发生率为6.5%(95%CI,4.0-11.0)。
  • 在6605名无左心室功能障碍的参与者中,利伐沙班组(5.3%;95%CI,4.5-6.2)与阿司匹林组(4.5%;95%CI,3.8-5.3)的发生率相似。
  • 与那些没有左心室功能障碍的参与者(风险比为1.16;95%CI为0.93-1.46)不同,接受利伐沙班和阿司匹林治疗的左心室功能障碍的参与者相比,前者发生主要结果的风险较低(风险比为0.36;95%可信区间为0.14-0.93)(P治疗交互作用=0.03)。次要结果与此相似。

      在这项特殊的探索性分析中,利伐沙班比阿司匹林更能降低有左心室功能障碍的参与者再发中风或系统性栓塞的风险。

文献来源:https://jamanetwork-com.fjny.80599.net/journals/jamaneurology/article-abstract/2785030

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    2022-04-16 yinhl1978
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    2021-11-07 查查佳佳

    届医学市场年会持续三天,有超过百个主题内

    0

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    2021-11-07 ms5000001441360447

    新的动态~利伐沙班比阿司匹林更能降低有左心室功能障碍的参与者再发中风或系统性栓塞的风险

    0

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    2021-11-07 1207866fm50(暂无昵称)

    谢谢分享

    0

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