中国医学生为何纷纷赴美行医?

2017-07-19 佚名 医学论坛网

国内医师赴美行医始于上世纪八九十年代,当时的普遍路径是出国先搞科研,等到在国外站住脚、拿到绿卡后再辗转去考执业医师资格证书,再做住院医师。如今,新一代医学生们更愿意选择一条更加直接的道路—参加美国执业医师考试(USMLE)。

国内医师赴美行医始于上世纪八九十年代,当时的普遍路径是出国先搞科研,等到在国外站住脚、拿到绿卡后再辗转去考执业医师资格证书,再做住院医师。如今,新一代医学生们更愿意选择一条更加直接的道路—参加美国执业医师考试(USMLE)。

USMLE考试,即United States Medical License Examination, 美国执业医师考试。国内医师赴美行医始于上世纪八九十年代,当时的普遍路径是出国先搞科研,等到在国外站住脚、拿到绿卡后再辗转去做考执业医师资格证书,再做住院医师。前辈们的这种做法也许更加稳妥,但是,如今,新一代医学生们更愿意选择一条更加直接的道路—参加美国执业医师考试(USMLE)。

美国执业医师考试共分有Step1、Step2 Clinical Knowledge(简称CK临床知识)、Step2 Clinical Skill(简称CS临床技能)和Step3三个步骤、四个考试。完成这些步骤后,考生可以向医院申请住院医,成功申请住院医就是match。

怎么看都是一个复杂又冗长的过程,医学院的学业原本就已经很繁重,为何还要花更大的精力去考USMLE?柳叶刀杂志曾发布了一项研究,分析了2005年至2015年国家卫生和计划生育委员会发布的卫生年鉴。十年期间,我国共培养了431万五年制医学毕业生,以及41万七年制医学生,共计470万医学生,但医生总数只增加了75万。进一步分析发现,这期间25-34岁医生的比例从31.3%跌至22.6%,而60岁以上医生比例则从2.5%增加到了11.6%。

即使数据准确性待考,但医生流失加速是不争的事实。几乎每一个医生周围,都能听到同事离职的例子。诸如儿科这样的科室,大量的医生减员甚至使许多大医院的儿科急诊被迫关闭。

究其原因,可能有以下几个因素:首先,医务人员的相对待遇低下,打击了许多年轻医生的信心。现在普遍实施的规培制度,类似于美国的住院医生培训。不同的是,大多数规培医生的工资,不足以让年轻医生们过上体面的生活。平均三、四千的工资,在如今房价高企的年代,实在是杯水车薪。尤其是刚出校园的医学毕业生,他们面临结婚、买房的压力,现实很残酷。美国的住院医年薪普遍在5-6万美元,毕业之后的收入更加可观。难怪当王明涛医生在微博上说,他在美国一个月的收入相当于一辆宝马5系车时,如一石激起千层浪,在网上引发了广泛的讨论。

其次,不断恶化的医患关系,往往成为压在骆驼身上的最后一根稻草。近年来屡禁不止的伤医、杀医事件,不仅让工作在临床一线的医务人员心寒,也让尚身处校园的医学生对前途感到疑惑和担忧。比暴行更让人心寒的是,网民的各种冷血评论。在无数为暴徒叫好的评论背后,是大半个社会的敌对心态。几年过去,医闹事件仍然频频发生。而每次风波过去,就会有一批医生递上辞呈。医患关系恶化,折射出了多层次的问题,政府、医院、医保、媒体、医生各有责任。年轻医生的能力有限,往往选择三十六计走为上。

另外,医生群体的参差不齐,也使优秀医生不愿为害群之马背锅。从百度背后的莆田系,到央视曝光的医疗回扣,白衣天使的称号一次又一次受到玷污。灰色收入在许多地方,已是公开的秘密。虽说是弥补正常收入的不足,但医疗行业里的各种潜规则,与社会发展程度不相称,也加深了医疗系统与人民群众的隔阂。

综上所述,不少中国医学毕业生选择赴美行医,据估计,今年有200余名中国学生报名参加美国住院医match。当他们在夏天踏上赴美利坚的行医之旅时,又有十余万中国莘莘学子踏进医学院的大门,等待这些年轻人的,不知是更不确定的职业选择,还是更加美好的未来。

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    2017-07-19 中医痴

    不错的,学习了,谢谢分享!

    0

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    2017-07-19 Y—xianghai

    学习了新知识

    0

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    2017-07-19 Y—xianghai

    学习了新知识

    0

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    2017-07-19 ann y

    中国医学生为何纷纷赴美行医?

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=223891, encodeId=949c22389169, content=不错的,学习了,谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NdqKgfW3nMpOkC3jXxiaW2po0PtglY5ZuVjERqKADW4HyMI8bcZXWlKgH7tEP9ULBoBzuQMibia4pr1s9rQPqLvqQJ/0, createdBy=e8c02060444, createdName=中医痴, createdTime=Wed Jul 19 11:46:31 CST 2017, time=2017-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=223879, encodeId=6e302238e9ee, content=学习了新知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Wed Jul 19 11:26:02 CST 2017, time=2017-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=223875, encodeId=907b2238e59f, content=学习了新知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Wed Jul 19 11:24:48 CST 2017, time=2017-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=223837, encodeId=b63022383e33, content=中国医学生为何纷纷赴美行医?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRrYOibkVibW9vAkCfb2F55aHjqMoqUVaF9fuXIMCxexawSOsicpbF7Ria7o54zPK65PodlkwhPrNhLhS/0, createdBy=12f71314239, createdName=ann y, createdTime=Wed Jul 19 09:22:24 CST 2017, time=2017-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=223832, encodeId=fb8b22383227, content=现实与理想之战, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/24/1c2dbd6706e64df33befd6663f1d6b37.jpg, createdBy=94f61661779, createdName=lyh994, createdTime=Wed Jul 19 09:14:34 CST 2017, time=2017-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=223830, encodeId=8b6f223830c0, content=谢谢分享受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=19, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM5vZbLiaw0G6FFQ3J4obXJNXbFJZBOJIsBiasEmSFCxzhibZ2TT0xftAW5kV1SLyo6jg0hOMaJg1Alm15kbuoDUFIsUM4JP7bdvcA/0, createdBy=10082062447, createdName=医无止境。, createdTime=Wed Jul 19 09:09:29 CST 2017, time=2017-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-07-19 lyh994

    现实与理想之战

    0

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    2017-07-19 医无止境。

    谢谢分享受益匪浅

    0