Clin Nutr:高碳水化合物/脂肪摄入比可增加慢性肾病患病风险!

2021-10-14 Nebula MedSci原创

多吃肉,少吃馒头、煎饼、米饭、面包等,可预防慢性肾病的发生!

众所周知,高蛋白摄入与肾脏高滤过和更快的肾功能下降有关,但其他大量营养素,碳水化合物和脂肪与慢性肾脏疾病 (CKD) 进展的相关性仍不确定。因此,本研究旨在评估脂肪/碳水化合物摄入比例 (F/C) 与慢性肾脏疾病发病之间的关系。

该研究纳入了9226位来自韩国基因组与流行病学研究的受试者。根据理想体重每天摄入1克蛋白质,受试者被随机分成了两组。主要暴露是 F/C 比,即摄入的脂肪和碳水化合物所提供的卡路里比值。主要终点是慢性肾脏疾病的发生:估计肾小球滤过率(eGFR)<60 mL/min·1.73m2和/或蛋白尿≥1+。

F/C比三分位组的受试者比例(A 蛋白摄入量≤1g/kg/天;B 蛋白摄入量>1g/kg/天)

中位随访了11.4年,共发生了778例(8.4%)慢性肾脏疾病。F/C 比最低的三分位组受试者的 eGFR 下降速度快于其他三分位组。在多变量 Cox 分析中,当蛋白摄入量>1g/kg/天时,F/C 比最低(<16.1%)的三分位组受试者慢性肾病风险显著高于 F/C 比最高组(≥21.5%)(风险比[HR] 1.38, 95% CI 1.03-1.84; p=0.031)。

F/C比三分位组受试者的eGFR变化(A 蛋白摄入量≤1g/kg/天;B 蛋白摄入量>1g/kg/天)

在敏感性分析中,连续4年维持低 F/C 比的受试者后续发生慢性肾病的风险明显高于那些维持高 F/C 比饮食摄入的受试者(HR 1.70, 95% CI 1.10-2.63; p=0.018)。在三次样条分析中,慢性肾病风险在 F/C 比<16.1%时急剧增加,但在 F/C 比≥16.1%时基本保持一致。

总而言之,低脂肪/碳水化合物比的饮食模式与普通人群的慢性肾病风险增加有关。因此,为加强预防慢性肾病的发生,有必要限制过多的高碳水化合物摄入和过低的脂肪摄入。简言之,多吃肉,少吃馒头、煎饼、米饭、面包等!

原始出处:

Kim Hyoshik,Lee Haekyung,Kwon Soon Hyo et al. Relationship between carbohydrate-to-fat intake ratio and the development of chronic kidney disease: A community-based prospective cohort study.[J] .Clin Nutr, 2021, 40: 5346-5354.

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1906465, encodeId=c50f1906465ed, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7795334e220' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#化合物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=33472, encryptionId=7795334e220, topicName=化合物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=267e204, createdName=wangyang7958, createdTime=Mon Apr 04 17:23:49 CST 2022, time=2022-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1186402, encodeId=94fa1186402ab, content=是不是结论写反了?低脂肪/碳水化合物比的饮食模式与普通人群的慢性肾病风险增加有关,那么高脂肪/碳水化合物比的饮食模式就应该会降低普通人群的慢性肾病风险,那就要多吃碳水化合物及脂肪吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=c88e5631104, createdName=周高峰, createdTime=Thu Jan 20 11:26:52 CST 2022, time=2022-01-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1740850, encodeId=18711e408507d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7b9a10252930' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高碳水化合物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102529, encryptionId=7b9a10252930, topicName=高碳水化合物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=61fa34824892, createdName=ms7405317358118777, createdTime=Sat Nov 13 14:23:49 CST 2021, time=2021-11-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1281801, encodeId=9e6912818017b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ef315299070' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#患病风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=52990, encryptionId=ef315299070, topicName=患病风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0045169, createdName=木头人513, createdTime=Sat Oct 16 01:23:49 CST 2021, time=2021-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1464400, encodeId=25281464400c9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9b04641580e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#水化#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=64158, encryptionId=9b04641580e, topicName=水化)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f1276671681, createdName=yuanming9, createdTime=Sat Oct 16 01:23:49 CST 2021, time=2021-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1596771, encodeId=a07d1596e719d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=90e98435334' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脂肪摄入#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84353, encryptionId=90e98435334, topicName=脂肪摄入)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=406418414194, createdName=wumeihua94, createdTime=Sat Oct 16 01:23:49 CST 2021, time=2021-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-01-20 周高峰

    是不是结论写反了?低脂肪/碳水化合物比的饮食模式与普通人群的慢性肾病风险增加有关,那么高脂肪/碳水化合物比的饮食模式就应该会降低普通人群的慢性肾病风险,那就要多吃碳水化合物及脂肪吧

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1906465, encodeId=c50f1906465ed, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7795334e220' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#化合物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=33472, encryptionId=7795334e220, topicName=化合物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=267e204, createdName=wangyang7958, createdTime=Mon Apr 04 17:23:49 CST 2022, time=2022-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1186402, encodeId=94fa1186402ab, content=是不是结论写反了?低脂肪/碳水化合物比的饮食模式与普通人群的慢性肾病风险增加有关,那么高脂肪/碳水化合物比的饮食模式就应该会降低普通人群的慢性肾病风险,那就要多吃碳水化合物及脂肪吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=c88e5631104, createdName=周高峰, createdTime=Thu Jan 20 11:26:52 CST 2022, time=2022-01-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1740850, encodeId=18711e408507d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7b9a10252930' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高碳水化合物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102529, encryptionId=7b9a10252930, topicName=高碳水化合物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=61fa34824892, createdName=ms7405317358118777, createdTime=Sat Nov 13 14:23:49 CST 2021, time=2021-11-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1281801, encodeId=9e6912818017b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ef315299070' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#患病风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=52990, encryptionId=ef315299070, topicName=患病风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0045169, createdName=木头人513, createdTime=Sat Oct 16 01:23:49 CST 2021, time=2021-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1464400, encodeId=25281464400c9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9b04641580e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#水化#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=64158, encryptionId=9b04641580e, topicName=水化)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f1276671681, createdName=yuanming9, createdTime=Sat Oct 16 01:23:49 CST 2021, time=2021-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1596771, encodeId=a07d1596e719d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=90e98435334' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脂肪摄入#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84353, encryptionId=90e98435334, topicName=脂肪摄入)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=406418414194, createdName=wumeihua94, createdTime=Sat Oct 16 01:23:49 CST 2021, time=2021-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1906465, encodeId=c50f1906465ed, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7795334e220' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#化合物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=33472, encryptionId=7795334e220, topicName=化合物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=267e204, createdName=wangyang7958, createdTime=Mon Apr 04 17:23:49 CST 2022, time=2022-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1186402, encodeId=94fa1186402ab, content=是不是结论写反了?低脂肪/碳水化合物比的饮食模式与普通人群的慢性肾病风险增加有关,那么高脂肪/碳水化合物比的饮食模式就应该会降低普通人群的慢性肾病风险,那就要多吃碳水化合物及脂肪吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=c88e5631104, createdName=周高峰, createdTime=Thu Jan 20 11:26:52 CST 2022, time=2022-01-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1740850, encodeId=18711e408507d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7b9a10252930' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高碳水化合物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102529, encryptionId=7b9a10252930, topicName=高碳水化合物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=61fa34824892, createdName=ms7405317358118777, createdTime=Sat Nov 13 14:23:49 CST 2021, time=2021-11-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1281801, encodeId=9e6912818017b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ef315299070' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#患病风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=52990, encryptionId=ef315299070, topicName=患病风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0045169, createdName=木头人513, createdTime=Sat Oct 16 01:23:49 CST 2021, time=2021-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1464400, encodeId=25281464400c9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9b04641580e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#水化#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=64158, encryptionId=9b04641580e, topicName=水化)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f1276671681, createdName=yuanming9, createdTime=Sat Oct 16 01:23:49 CST 2021, time=2021-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1596771, encodeId=a07d1596e719d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=90e98435334' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脂肪摄入#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84353, encryptionId=90e98435334, topicName=脂肪摄入)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=406418414194, createdName=wumeihua94, createdTime=Sat Oct 16 01:23:49 CST 2021, time=2021-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1906465, encodeId=c50f1906465ed, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7795334e220' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#化合物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=33472, encryptionId=7795334e220, topicName=化合物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=267e204, createdName=wangyang7958, createdTime=Mon Apr 04 17:23:49 CST 2022, time=2022-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1186402, encodeId=94fa1186402ab, content=是不是结论写反了?低脂肪/碳水化合物比的饮食模式与普通人群的慢性肾病风险增加有关,那么高脂肪/碳水化合物比的饮食模式就应该会降低普通人群的慢性肾病风险,那就要多吃碳水化合物及脂肪吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=c88e5631104, createdName=周高峰, createdTime=Thu Jan 20 11:26:52 CST 2022, time=2022-01-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1740850, encodeId=18711e408507d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7b9a10252930' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高碳水化合物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102529, encryptionId=7b9a10252930, topicName=高碳水化合物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=61fa34824892, createdName=ms7405317358118777, createdTime=Sat Nov 13 14:23:49 CST 2021, time=2021-11-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1281801, encodeId=9e6912818017b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ef315299070' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#患病风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=52990, encryptionId=ef315299070, topicName=患病风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0045169, createdName=木头人513, createdTime=Sat Oct 16 01:23:49 CST 2021, time=2021-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1464400, encodeId=25281464400c9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9b04641580e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#水化#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=64158, encryptionId=9b04641580e, topicName=水化)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f1276671681, createdName=yuanming9, createdTime=Sat Oct 16 01:23:49 CST 2021, time=2021-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1596771, encodeId=a07d1596e719d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=90e98435334' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脂肪摄入#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84353, encryptionId=90e98435334, topicName=脂肪摄入)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=406418414194, createdName=wumeihua94, createdTime=Sat Oct 16 01:23:49 CST 2021, time=2021-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-10-16 yuanming9
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1906465, encodeId=c50f1906465ed, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7795334e220' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#化合物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=33472, encryptionId=7795334e220, topicName=化合物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=267e204, createdName=wangyang7958, createdTime=Mon Apr 04 17:23:49 CST 2022, time=2022-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1186402, encodeId=94fa1186402ab, content=是不是结论写反了?低脂肪/碳水化合物比的饮食模式与普通人群的慢性肾病风险增加有关,那么高脂肪/碳水化合物比的饮食模式就应该会降低普通人群的慢性肾病风险,那就要多吃碳水化合物及脂肪吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=c88e5631104, createdName=周高峰, createdTime=Thu Jan 20 11:26:52 CST 2022, time=2022-01-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1740850, encodeId=18711e408507d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7b9a10252930' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高碳水化合物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102529, encryptionId=7b9a10252930, topicName=高碳水化合物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=61fa34824892, createdName=ms7405317358118777, createdTime=Sat Nov 13 14:23:49 CST 2021, time=2021-11-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1281801, encodeId=9e6912818017b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ef315299070' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#患病风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=52990, encryptionId=ef315299070, topicName=患病风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0045169, createdName=木头人513, createdTime=Sat Oct 16 01:23:49 CST 2021, time=2021-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1464400, encodeId=25281464400c9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9b04641580e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#水化#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=64158, encryptionId=9b04641580e, topicName=水化)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f1276671681, createdName=yuanming9, createdTime=Sat Oct 16 01:23:49 CST 2021, time=2021-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1596771, encodeId=a07d1596e719d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=90e98435334' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脂肪摄入#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84353, encryptionId=90e98435334, topicName=脂肪摄入)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=406418414194, createdName=wumeihua94, createdTime=Sat Oct 16 01:23:49 CST 2021, time=2021-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]

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