试管婴儿孕前基因筛选首次扩至癌症

2015-09-29 佚名 科学网

9月24日,我国生殖工程创始人之一、中南大学教授、中信湘雅生殖与遗传专科医院院长卢光琇在长沙宣布,她所在的研究团队运用最新的胚胎植入前遗传学诊断(PGD)技术,对一个家族性致癌基因在后代中的传递进行了排除,通过该技术诞生的国内首例“无癌宝宝”目前已满半岁,随访显示宝宝身体指标一切正常。据悉,这是我国首次将试管婴儿的孕前基因筛选范围扩大至恶性肿瘤领域并取得成功,不仅意味着PGD技术的应用范围被


9月24日,我国生殖工程创始人之一、中南大学教授、中信湘雅生殖与遗传专科医院院长卢光琇在长沙宣布,她所在的研究团队运用最新的胚胎植入前遗传学诊断(PGD)技术,对一个家族性致癌基因在后代中的传递进行了排除,通过该技术诞生的国内首例“无癌宝宝”目前已满半岁,随访显示宝宝身体指标一切正常。据悉,这是我国首次将试管婴儿的孕前基因筛选范围扩大至恶性肿瘤领域并取得成功,不仅意味着PGD技术的应用范围被拓宽,打开了癌症相关基因筛检的大门,也标志着我国在遗传性肿瘤基因检测及孕前诊断领域达到世界先进水平。

这一被“阻断”的致癌基因是位于人类染色体13q14位置的RB1。它本是一个抑癌基因,但时常因发生突变而“失活”,失活后极可能导致视网膜母细胞瘤——儿童中最常见的原发性“眼癌”和第三位最常见的儿童期癌症。统计表明,约35%-40%的视网膜母细胞瘤患者的生殖系存在RB1基因突变,这将导致其后代存在极高的患癌风险。

据介绍,这名“无癌宝宝”的父亲两岁时便因患视网膜母细胞瘤而被迫摘除了病变的右眼,中信湘雅生殖与遗传专科医院在对其进行基因检测时确认,他的RB1基因在9号外显子上存在一个缺失突变,导致蛋白编码错误,造成后代恶性肿瘤的高发风险。该院采用辅助生殖技术与PGD技术相结合,对体外受精获得的胚胎进行了筛查,将不存在该致病突变的胚胎移植入母亲子宫,并成功生育。由于从胚胎时期起就排除了在家族中传递的致癌基因突变,这名今年3月诞生的“无癌宝宝”未来患这种癌症的几率已大幅降低。

鉴于近年来育龄期人群患癌症的比例不断增加,卢光琇呼吁,应加强对肿瘤生殖学这一肿瘤学与生殖医学交叉形成的新兴学科的研究,以尽最大可能帮助患者实现延长生命和保存生育能力的平衡,达到抗癌和优生的双重目的。

据悉,目前中信湘雅生殖与遗传专科医院遗传中心已可对遗传性胃癌、肾癌、胰腺癌、前列腺癌、子宫内膜癌及视网膜母细胞瘤等肿瘤疾病开展生殖前遗传诊断和筛查,已成为国内最大的细胞和分子遗传学诊断中心,和我国基因诊断数量和种类最多的中心之一。

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1659552, encodeId=ec4a16595521c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c42845239ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#孕前#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=45239, encryptionId=c42845239ef, topicName=孕前)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2c8925003801, createdName=szhvet, createdTime=Sat May 14 20:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1813128, encodeId=bdee18131280a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1fdd91e56f7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#试管婴#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91756, encryptionId=1fdd91e56f7, topicName=试管婴)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=11b4465, createdName=ying_wu, createdTime=Wed Nov 18 06:17:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=44508, encodeId=d4174450873, content=13q14位置的RB1~肿瘤生殖学, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyhRUzmFEmHvdIaOns4DmF3BicVffXjkOjBTiaMUIA4o7feGvE5IJ0SfSco4ib955Rx7bvWlib7j9V15xp/0, createdBy=814d1631326, createdName=cmn, createdTime=Thu Dec 03 11:06:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=37944, encodeId=084b3e944b3, content=很好的文章哦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=123, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=332823945, createdName=hlycom3356, createdTime=Wed Oct 07 21:56:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1584346, encodeId=23c815843464e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9bbee5948f0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#筛选#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=75948, encryptionId=9bbee5948f0, topicName=筛选)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=39da17047364, createdName=ms6747015003810650, createdTime=Thu Oct 01 01:17:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=37558, encodeId=d9fb3e558c1, content=生殖前遗传诊断与筛查, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=118, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyhRUzmFEmHvdIaOns4DmF3BicVffXjkOjBTiaMUIA4o7feGvE5IJ0SfSco4ib955Rx7bvWlib7j9V15xp/0, createdBy=814d1631326, createdName=cmn, createdTime=Tue Sep 29 18:55:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-29, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-05-14 szhvet
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    2015-11-18 ying_wu
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    2015-12-03 cmn

    13q14位置的RB1~肿瘤生殖学

    0

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    2015-10-07 hlycom3356

    很好的文章哦

    0

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    2015-09-29 cmn

    生殖前遗传诊断与筛查

    0

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