J Org Chem:西藏墨脱发现源自真菌来源的新型抗耐药菌先导化合物

2017-11-14 佚名 中国生物技术网

近年来,由于抗菌素的滥用,耐药病原体不断出现并蔓延,如“超级细菌”耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和极耐药结核分枝杆菌,严重威胁患者的健康与生命,临床面临无抗生素可用的困境。天然产物是极为重要的药物来源,存在许多结构新颖、活性强和作用机制新颖的抗菌活性成分。其中真菌次级代谢产物的化学结构和生物活性更为丰富多样,从中寻找高效低毒的新型抗菌药物先导化合物,具有极大的资源优势和应用前景。

近年来,由于抗菌素的滥用,耐药病原体不断出现并蔓延,如“超级细菌”耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和极耐药结核分枝杆菌,严重威胁患者的健康与生命,临床面临无抗生素可用的困境。天然产物是极为重要的药物来源,存在许多结构新颖、活性强和作用机制新颖的抗菌活性成分。其中真菌次级代谢产物的化学结构和生物活性更为丰富多样,从中寻找高效低毒的新型抗菌药物先导化合物,具有极大的资源优势和应用前景。

西藏自治区墨脱县位于喜马拉雅东段与岗日嘎布山脉的南坡,南与印度毗邻,非法的麦克马洪线横穿该县,世界最深的雅鲁藏布大峡谷贯穿全境,聚居着门巴、珞巴等少数民族,自古以来就是祖国神圣领土不可分割的一部分。墨脱县拥有世界上最齐全、最完整的山地九个垂直自然带,是我国重要的生物资源宝库,但由于频发的地震、崩塌、泥石流、水毁、及冰雪灾害常年将墨脱屏蔽成一个与世隔绝的“孤岛”,至今人们对其知之甚少,也被称为“地球上最后秘境”。也正因为如此,其丰富的微生物资源尚未得到深入研究。

为更好地开发利用墨脱地区珍贵真菌资源,2014年4月下旬中国科学院微生物研究所刘宏伟研究员等一行8人克服重重困难,深入墨脱地区进行真菌资源科研调查,采集得到500多份珍贵标本和分离获得100余株菌种。通过对这些菌株粗提物的体外抗菌活性筛选,发现其中一株采集自西藏墨脱县的油瓶霉属真菌提取物对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)等细菌和真菌均显示了较好的抗性。通过手性拆分、单晶衍射和计算化学等鉴定了包括5对对应异构体在内的12个新结构抗菌活性化合物,为新型抗菌药物研究的研发奠定基础。新化合物Conipyridoin E抗耐药金葡菌的MIC达到纳摩尔水平;新化合物Didymellamide G为新型的几丁质合成抑制剂,具有强抗烟曲霉活性。

该研究是我国科学家首次对西藏墨脱地区微生物的活性物质报道,文章以“New Decalin-Containing Tetramic acids and 4-hydroxy-2-pyridones with Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activity from the Fungus Coniochaeta cephalothecoides Collected in Tibetan Plateau (Medog)”发表于国际知名有机化学刊物J. Org. Chem.。中科院微生物所助理研究员韩俊杰、河北大学联合培养硕士研究生刘丛丛和中国医学科学院药物研究所李莉研究员为该文的并列第一作者,刘宏伟研究员为通讯作者。该研究得到国家自然科学基金(81673334和21602247)和中国科学院科青年促进会项目(2014074)的资助。

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1906373, encodeId=be1719063e31a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7795334e220' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#化合物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=33472, encryptionId=7795334e220, topicName=化合物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=267e204, createdName=wangyang7958, createdTime=Fri Dec 01 07:12:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=263872, encodeId=fb922638e228, content=讲解的非常好,值得学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Fri Nov 24 08:21:34 CST 2017, time=2017-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=262561, encodeId=831126256151, content=好文章大家共同分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=1, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Sun Nov 19 12:45:20 CST 2017, time=2017-11-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1353724, encodeId=38e21353e24da, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dddce266537' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#真菌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72665, encryptionId=dddce266537, topicName=真菌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Thu Nov 16 05:12:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1418669, encodeId=c0351418669d8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b07e8041efb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#耐药菌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=80417, encryptionId=b07e8041efb, topicName=耐药菌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=10723392161, createdName=xiaoshitou, createdTime=Thu Nov 16 05:12:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=261269, encodeId=6b77261269a6, content=学习一下谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzaiabIFicf63hKvVMjL6aJlx4yX4UcXmzX9DyibCRcicq0QtCRWMaQKh8MYjE1D3EKUBopgiaGWYuqbeR/0, createdBy=0c2b1999806, createdName=三生有幸9135, createdTime=Tue Nov 14 16:20:34 CST 2017, time=2017-11-14, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-11-24 虈亣靌

    讲解的非常好,值得学习

    0

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    2017-11-19 虈亣靌

    好文章大家共同分享!

    0

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    2017-11-16 zhaojie88
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    2017-11-14 三生有幸9135

    学习一下谢谢分享

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