JBJS:佩戴铅眼镜可明显减少骨科医生眼睛的辐射暴露

2013-08-20 hotstone dxy

随着人们对辐射潜在有害影响的认识不断加深,职业暴露界限的推荐值也被一而再再而三地下调。同时骨科医生对于术中X线影像的应用也有了明显的增加,因为实时影像不仅可以提高手术操作的准确性还可提高效率。因此,对于骨科医生、麻醉师以及手术团队的其他成员而言,职业性辐射暴露就成了一个非常重要的安全问题。眼睛的晶状体对于电离辐射非常敏感。白内障的形成,尤其在后囊下区域,早在1932年就被证实与辐射暴露密切相关。放

随着人们对辐射潜在有害影响的认识不断加深,职业暴露界限的推荐值也被一而再再而三地下调。同时骨科医生对于术中X线影像的应用也有了明显的增加,因为实时影像不仅可以提高手术操作的准确性还可提高效率。因此,对于骨科医生、麻醉师以及手术团队的其他成员而言,职业性辐射暴露就成了一个非常重要的安全问题。【原文下载

眼睛的晶状体对于电离辐射非常敏感。白内障的形成,尤其在后囊下区域,早在1932年就被证实与辐射暴露密切相关。放射科医生、心内科医生以及其他临床医生需在影像导航下做介入手术,而相关的操作指南对于眼睛的保护都有明确的规定。



骨科医生在术中虽然常规都会穿铅围裙,但其他的防护设施,如铅屏、散射防护帘等,手术室要么不具备,即使有也很少用。在这种情况下,也极少有骨科医生在术中会佩戴铅眼睛。

为了明确骨科医生眼睛的辐射暴露程度以及佩戴铅眼睛的防护作用,来自美国纽约的Burns教授等应用模型模拟骨盆及髋部手术X线透视时的场景,进行了精确的测量,相关结果发表在最近出版的JBJS杂志上。



研究中应用患者和外科医生模型,模拟骨盆和髋部手术的场景,投照16个常用位置的X线片,分别在佩戴和不佩戴铅眼镜时外科医生模型晶状体的辐射剂量。佩戴铅眼镜以后晶状体辐射剂量减少的数值,由无保护时的剂量和铅眼镜后方的剂量相比较进行计算。

结果发现,平均而言,佩戴铅眼镜以后,外科医生模型眼睛的辐射减少了90%。当然,外科医生模型眼睛辐射剂量的数值差异较大,这主要取决于该研究中不同的投照位置。并且在没有佩戴铅眼镜的情况下,外科医生眼睛的辐射暴露在16个投照位置之间的最大差异为250倍。

作者的结论认为,为了更好地保护外科医生的眼睛,避免辐射导致的不良后果,推荐常规佩戴铅眼睛。根据国际放射防护委员会的建议,眼睛的辐射量每年累计不得超过20 mSv,如果佩戴铅眼镜,意味着可以处理不戴铅眼镜时多10倍的患者。

出于自身安全以及职业性辐射暴露的限制,在没有其他防护措施的情况下,骨科医生必须佩戴铅眼镜。

原始出处:

Burns S Thornton R Dauer LT Quinn B Miodownik D Hak DJ.Leaded Eyeglasses Substantially Reduce Radiation Exposure of the Surgeon's Eyes During Acquisition of Typical Fluoroscopic Views of the Hip and Pelvis.J Bone Joint Surg Am 2013 Jul 95 14 :1307-11 

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    2013-08-22 qingrejiedu
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    2013-08-21 zuo1126

    不错的文章

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