AJKD: 透析患者植物蛋白质摄入比例与死亡风险之间的关系

2021-11-02 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

MHD患者一定要维持一定量的植物蛋白摄入,这样才能加强预后,恢复健康。

维持性血液透析(MHD)患者的死亡率显著增加,这在过去20年中基本没有变化。以往有研究显示在接受维持性血液透析(MHD)的患者中,蛋白质的饮食摄入增加与有益健康相关,但植物蛋白质摄入的影响不太确定。因此有研究机构研究了植物来源蛋白质摄入比例与MHD患者死亡风险的关系,并探讨了可能改变这些关系的因素。

研究这调查了2014-2015年,111918岁以上接受MHD的中国血液透析患者,用分段回归模型验证植物蛋白质摄入比例与血管疾病(CVD)死亡率风险的相关性。多变量调控Cox和特殊风险模型用来评估这些结果的危险比(HR)和95%CI。

结果显示标准化甚至理想的植物蛋白质摄入量平均值和植物蛋白质摄入量比例分别为0.6±0.2SDg/kg/天,和0.538±0.134。在平均28.0个月的随访期内,有249人死亡,其中146人死于心血管疾病。总的来说,植物蛋白质摄入比例与全因死亡风险之间存在一种U形关联,拐点为45%在植物蛋白摄入比例<45%的患者中,植物蛋白摄入比例每增加5%,死亡率降低17%。而在植物蛋白摄入比例≥ 45%的患者中,每增加5%的植物蛋白质摄入比例,死亡率就增加9%。同样的,CVD死亡率也存在类似的U型关联,拐点为44%。

植物蛋白质摄入比例与(A),和(B)心血管疾病(CVD)死亡率的关系

总之,本研究表明,MHD患者植物蛋白摄入比例与全因死亡风险之间存在u型关联,拐点为植物蛋白摄入比例的45%。需要更多的研究来进一步了解蛋白质摄入的组成和比例及其对MHD患者健康的影响。所以,MHD患者一定要维持一定量的植物蛋白摄入,这样才能加强预后,恢复健康。

参考文献:YanhuanHe, YongxinLu, ShenglinYang,et al .Dietary Plant Protein and Mortality Among Patients Receiving Maintenance Hemodialysis: A Cohort Study. American Journal of Kidney Diseases Volume 78, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages 649-657.e1 .https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2021.03.023

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