JAMA Cardiol:他汀不能间断吃!美34万人研究证实,有心血管病的人漏服他汀,死亡风险增加

2019-02-17 朱柳媛 中国循环杂志

来自美国一项包含34万多例稳定性动脉粥样硬化性心血管病患者的研究提示,患者对他汀治疗的依从性会明显影响结局。他汀治疗依从性越差,死亡风险越高。

来自美国一项包含34万多例稳定性动脉粥样硬化性血管病患者的研究提示,患者对他汀治疗的依从性会明显影响结局。他汀治疗依从性越差,死亡风险越高。

在这项研究中,他汀治疗依从性根据服药时间占比(medication possession ratio)评估。

3年随访期间,在整个研究队列中,他汀治疗的依从性达到了87.7%,有1/4左右的患者死亡。

分析显示,校正患者年龄、对其他心脏药物治疗的依从性、血管诊断、所用他汀强度、临床合并症等因素后,与他汀治疗依从性高(服药时间占比≥90%)的患者相比,服药时间占比不足50%、50%~69%、70%~89%的患者死亡的风险分别增加30%、21%和8%。

在接受高强度他汀治疗的患者中,他汀治疗依从性与死亡风险之间的关系最为明显。

研究者指出,这说明,在动脉粥样硬化性心血管病患者的二级预防中,仍有很大的空间来优化他汀治疗依从性。

另外,应用中等强度他汀治疗的患者的依从性高于应用高强度他汀治疗的患者(OR=1.18,95%CI:1.16-1.2)。

在同时发表的述评中,来自美国杜克大学的Ann Marie Navar副教授指出,目前改善他汀治疗依从性的策略仍不明确。指南建议通过低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平监测来评估依从性,但在临床随访中血脂检查率较低。医疗质量评估往往聚焦于他汀处方上,而不是患者依从性。

各个学会花费了大量钱财来证实他汀可挽救生命,但上述研究说明,如果不改善患者对他汀治疗的依从性,他汀的疗效就打折扣。

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