Lancet respir med:在救护车上即开始输注抗生素是否可改善脓毒症患者的预后?

2017-11-29 MedSci MedSci原创

急诊医疗(EMS)的医务人员为改善与时间相关的疾病(如创伤和心肌梗死)的预后做出重大贡献。脓毒症患者是否也可从及时的院前医疗中获益,Nedia Alam等人对此在多个中心进行一项非盲的随机试验,评估在救护车上进行常规护理的基础上,早期予以抗生素的效果。对EMS人员进行培训,如何诊断脓毒症。将符合要求的患者随机(1:1)分至干预组(常规护理+头孢曲松钠 2000mg 静滴)或常规护理组。并根据地域分

急诊医疗(EMS)的医务人员为改善与时间相关的疾病(如创伤和心肌梗死)的预后做出重大贡献。脓毒症患者是否也可从及时的院前医疗中获益,Nedia Alam等人对此在多个中心进行一项非盲的随机试验,评估在救护车上进行常规护理的基础上,早期予以抗生素的效果。

对EMS人员进行培训,如何诊断脓毒症。将符合要求的患者随机(1:1)分至干预组(常规护理+头孢曲松钠 2000mg 静滴)或常规护理组。并根据地域分层。主要评估指标是28天内所有原因导致的死亡,通过意向治疗分析。此外,为评估培训的效果,研究人员对在救护车上滴注抗生素的平均时间进行统计,以及在培训前后EMS人员对脓毒症的辨别情况。

2014年6月30日-2016年6月26日,共记录了2698名患者,2672名患者被纳入意向治疗分析:1535位在干预组、1137位在常规护理组。干预组患者在到达急救中心前在救护车上滴注抗生素的平均时间为26min(IQR 19-34)。常规护理组患者,到达急救中心后滴注抗生素的中位时间为70min(IQR 36-128),而EMS人员进行培训前滴注抗生素的中位时间为93min(IQR 39-140;p=0.142)。28天时,干预组和常规护理组分别有120名(8%)和93(8%)的患者死亡(相对风险 0.95,95% CI 0.74-1.24),另各有102名(7%)和119名(10%)于28天内再次入院(p=0.0004)。7例轻度过敏反应,但均与头孢曲松钠无关。

对于严重程度不同的脓毒症患者,对EMS人员进行培训提高了整个急性医护链的早期诊断和护理。但,在救护车上给予抗生素并不会提高患者的生存率,无论疾病严重程度如何。

原始出处:

Nedia Alam,et al.Prehospital antibiotics in the ambulance for sepsis: a multicentre, open label, randomised trial.The Lancet Respiratory Medicine. November 28,2017.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(17)30469-1

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