J Am Acad Dermatol :组织蛋白酶S抑制剂对中、重度银屑病患者疗效和安全性的研究

2021-12-30 医路坦克 MedSci原创

用高效、选择性的组织蛋白酶S拮抗剂靶向组织蛋白酶S介导的IL-36激活对银屑病没有治疗作用。RO5459072的作用机制可能过于特异,从而允许其他蛋白酶和/或细胞因子驱动银屑病的表型。

    大约20%的银屑病患者为中到重度,需要使用细胞因子靶向生物制剂进行系统治疗。然而,一些患者要么没有疗效,要么产生了抗药抗体,这降低了治疗效果。因此,需要新的治疗方法来提供持续的长期疗效和安全性。

    组织蛋白酶S是一种半胱氨酸蛋白酶,能激活促炎细胞因子白细胞介素(IL)-36γ,在银屑病中起致病作用。RO5459072是一种选择性、有效的组织蛋白酶S抑制剂,是为治疗包括银屑病在内的自身免疫性疾病而开发的。我们进行了一项开放、非随机的2A期研究,以调查RO5459072对30名成年人中重度银屑病临床症状的改善作用。患者在12周内服用100毫克RO5459072(每天200毫克)。主要终点是治疗12周后达到银屑病面积和严重程度指数(PASI)-75反应的患者的比例。我们还评估了RO5459072的安全性和耐受性。

     中位治疗时间为67天。治疗12周后RO5459072的平均稳态血药浓度(±SD)为1290(±614)ng/mL。没有患者达到PASI75应答;没有其他次级终点的应答者。RO5459072治疗耐受性良好。最常见的不良事件(>10%的患者)是:鼻咽炎(7例,23.3%)、瘙痒(7例,23.3%)和头痛(4例,13.3%)。报告了一个严重的不良事件(皮肤感染,13天后消失),被认为与研究药物有关。没有人死亡。没有观察到明显的药物相关趋势或信号,实验室参数、心电图或生命体征测量也没有临床相关的变化。

     我们认为在这项试验中RO5459072没有任何治疗作用,这表明银屑病中依赖IL-36的促炎通路存在冗余。组织蛋白酶S活性在银屑病皮肤中明显上调。组织蛋白酶S的一个关键作用是裂解IL-36γ,产生IL-36γ-Ser18活性片段,在人皮肤等效模型中诱导银屑病样变。然而,其他蛋白酶如组织蛋白酶G、组织蛋白酶K或中性粒细胞弹性蛋白酶也可能激活IL-36γ。IL-36细胞因子之间的功能冗余(IL-36α,β,γ)也可以解释为什么通过组织蛋白酶S靶向激活IL-36γ在减轻银屑病皮肤炎症方面无效。包括IL-20亚家族在内的其他细胞因子也表现出冗余,IL-19、IL-20、IL-22和IL-24均能诱导角质形成细胞增生、表皮增厚,并诱导相似的基因表达谱。事实上,之前针对银屑病患者的IL-205和IL-22(NCT01010542)的临床研究因无效而提前终止。总之,这些突显了针对系统性疾病(如银屑病)中炎症途径的单一成分的挑战。

    总之,用高效、选择性的组织蛋白酶S拮抗剂靶向组织蛋白酶S介导的IL-36激活对银屑病没有治疗作用。RO5459072的作用机制可能过于特异,从而允许其他蛋白酶和/或细胞因子驱动银屑病的表型。

 

文献来源:Gadola SD,  Färber P,  Posch MG, An open-label Phase 2A study investigating the efficacy and safety of a cathepsin S inhibitor in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis,J Am Acad Dermatol 2021 Dec 11;

 

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    2022-07-29 canlab
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    2022-09-25 lishizhe
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    2022-02-05 jklm09

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