Arthritis Care & Research.:肿瘤坏死因子阻断剂可缓解儿童眼疾病

2013-11-11 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

一个对观察性研究进行的综合分析发现,相对于依那西普(Enbrel),患慢性自身免疫性葡萄膜炎的儿童使用阿达木单抗(Humira)或英利昔单抗(Remicade)治疗时有较好的效果。据意大利佛罗伦萨大学的Gabriele Simonini医生与同事介绍,分析纳入了200多个文献记载的儿童病例,其中87% (95% CI75-98)给予阿达木单抗和72% (95% CI64-79) 给予英利昔单抗的患

一个对观察性研究进行的综合分析发现,相对于依那西普(Enbrel),患慢性自身免疫性葡萄膜炎的儿童使用阿达木单抗(Humira)或英利昔单抗(Remicade)治疗时有较好的效果。

据意大利佛罗伦萨大学的Gabriele Simonini医生与同事介绍,分析纳入了200多个文献记载的儿童病例,其中87% (95% CI75-98)给予阿达木单抗和72% (95% CI64-79) 给予英利昔单抗的患者被视为应答者。【原文下载

作为对比,研究者在Arthritis Care & Research网站上报告称:在使用依那西普治疗的患者中,只有33% (95% CI 19-47)应答。而使用阿达木单抗与英利昔单抗的应答率在统计学上没有显著不同(P=0.08),但是与依那西普相比均有显著差异(P<0.001)。

儿童的慢性非感染性葡萄膜炎与多个系统性病变相关,最常见的说法见juvenile idiopathic arthritis.一文。通常的治疗方法使用免疫抑制剂以减轻炎症并防止视力损失,并能减少使用皮质类固醇的需求。对传统免疫抑制疗法不响应的患者如今可以选择尝试肿瘤坏死因子阻断剂(TNF),但相关证据仍很稀少。

为了说明情况,Simonini医生与同事开展了一个文献调查,有23份文献对传统抗风湿药物干预治疗失败后的儿童使用TNF抑制剂控制病情的效果与安全性进行了评估,其中大部分研究都是回顾性图表分析。纳入的229名儿童中,144人使用英利昔单抗,54人使用依那西普,31人使用阿达木单抗。

患病年份平均是6.3年,开始使用肿瘤坏死因子阻断剂的年龄平均是11岁。三分之二的病人是女孩。其中151人,固有幼年特发性关节炎,另有少数患有白塞氏症、早发性结节病和其他罕见的免疫失调。

在研究中对以上差异调整了计量。在部分研究中,依那西普的标准剂量是每周两次给予0.4 mg/kg,但在白塞氏患者中该计量为50mg。阿达木单抗剂量从每两周24 mg/m2 到每周40 mg/m2 ,英利昔单抗的剂量为每间隔2-8周给药3 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg。

临床结果显示许多使用anti-TNF治疗的研究,包括未继续使用anti-TNF治疗、病情缓解或和从其他治疗中退出的。

由于缺乏疗效,使用依那西普的儿童中有26%停止了治疗,英利昔单抗有17.3%。退出英利昔单抗治疗的人大部分是因为缺乏疗效,但有3名儿童退出是因为症状缓解。阿达木单抗治疗的对象中,因副作用或缺乏疗效而退出的人占13%。

在报告症状缓解的11个研究中,一个使用依那西普治疗白塞氏症的研究报告几周后所有四名儿童均症状缓解。在使用阿达木单抗治疗的25名儿童中,有20名在3个月内症状缓解,在使用英利昔单抗治疗的54名儿童中有47名在平均10周后症状缓解。

在撤掉全身性类固醇治疗的研究中,依那西普组的四名儿童均症状缓解,阿达木单抗组31人中26人症状缓解,英利昔单抗组113人中96人症状缓解。

在报告视力恢复的研究中,患者视力改善或稳定的比率为:英利昔单抗组72.7%,阿达木单抗组79.3%,依那西普组23%。如感染等不良反应报告情况为:依那西普组中有6名儿童,阿达木单抗组为13名,英利昔单抗组为28名。

我们也在分析中作出特定的警告:包括部分研究样本量过小,给药剂量不同和数据不充分。我们的结论是基于均匀队列研究,其证据等级为2a。顺便补充提醒,该研究不足以推荐任何单一疗法,但建议在该情况下,阿达木单抗和英利昔单抗是比依那西普更好的选择。

我们声明“目前的证据仅来自于回顾性观察研究,要判断肿瘤坏死因子阻断剂在治疗儿童慢性自身免疫性葡萄膜炎时的作用,仍需进行多中心、随机、可控的临床试验。”

原文出处

Gabriele Simonini, Druce Katie, Rolando Cimaz , Gary J Macfarlane , Gareth T Jones.Current Evidence of Anti-TNFα treatment efficacy in childhood chronic uveitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis approach of individual drugs.Arthritis Care & Research.2013 Oct.21【原文下载

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    2013-11-27 HNYYM
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    2013-11-13 zhaojie88
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    2013-11-13 millore
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    2013-11-13 yangshch

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