Cell:3篇文章绘制肠道微生物、遗传、环境因素对免疫系统的影响

2016-11-07 佚名 生物探索

导语:11月3日,《Cell》期刊同时发表3篇文章,解析了肠道微生物、环境和遗传因素对免疫系统的影响模式。作为人类功能基因组学计划的一部分,科学家们表示,研究遗传、微生物、环境等因素与免疫系统的互作,有助于实现免疫类疾病的个性化治疗目标。微生物广泛存在于我们自身以及赖以生存的环境中,与我们的健康息息相关。其中,肠道微生物更是备受关注,它与免疫系统、大脑神经、新陈代谢等多种生理功能都有着密切关系。近

导语:11月3日,《Cell》期刊同时发表3篇文章,解析了肠道微生物、环境和遗传因素对免疫系统的影响模式。作为人类功能基因组学计划的一部分,科学家们表示,研究遗传、微生物、环境等因素与免疫系统的互作,有助于实现免疫类疾病的个性化治疗目标。


微生物广泛存在于我们自身以及赖以生存的环境中,与我们的健康息息相关。其中,肠道微生物更是备受关注,它与免疫系统、大脑神经、新陈代谢等多种生理功能都有着密切关系。

近期,来自于哈佛大学医学院附属麻省总医院(MGH)、Broad研究所以及荷兰两个医疗科学中心的研究团队在《Cell》期刊同时发表3篇文章,揭示了肠道微生物影响健康个体免疫系统的模式。同时,他们发现遗传和环境因素同样也对免疫反应有影响。

MGH胃肠道科、Broad研究所研究人员和HFGP计划首席研究员Ramnik Xavier 博士表示:“免疫系统是研究人类基因突变、遗传和环境互作的关键切入点,是人类功能基因组学计划(HFGP)的基本前提。人类对于病原体的抵抗能力不尽相同,一些人更容易被感染或者出现自身免疫性疾病。导致这种差异的因素有哪些呢?我们试图弄清楚肠道微生物、环境以及遗传因素对免疫系统的影响。”

肠道微生物影响炎症细胞因子生成


肠道菌群失调(dysbioses)会引发免疫反应紊乱,通常伴随着炎性细胞因子的生成。作为人类功能基因组计划的一部分,荷兰内梅亨大学医学中心Mihai Netea和Xavier团队合作试图弄清楚肠道微生物组成和功能差异如何影响个体免疫系统,包括影响炎症细胞因子表达以及免疫系统响应病原体。

他们检测了500名HFGP参与者的血液和粪便样本,分析细胞因子和肠道微生物组两个变量,并解析两者之间互作的模式。研究人员选定脆弱类杆菌(B. fragilis)、金黄色葡萄球菌(S. aureus)、肠道杆菌产生的毒素以及两种念珠菌作为刺激物,分析它们对细胞因子、免疫相关蛋白表达的影响。

结果发现,肠道微生物的结构和功能,都会影响这些代谢物的分泌。肠道微生物与免疫系统的部分互作依赖于特定的病原体和细胞因子,例如特定的微生物会降解色氨酸,其代谢产物会抑制细胞因子TNFα的表达;一种存在于食物油中、抑制免疫反应的脂肪酸9 -十六碳烯酸(palmitoleic acid)会影响干扰素IFNγ的生成

环境、遗传因素影响免疫系统

 

除了肠道微生物,宿主基因组同样会影响细胞因子的生成。借助QTL分析,研究人员构建了遗传差异影响全血、血液单核细胞和巨噬细胞中6类细胞因子表达的“蓝图”,发现基因突变对细胞因子的影响,多与免疫系统介导的疾病和病原体感染有关联。


研究人员表示,我们还未揭开整个互作网络,但是已有的研究结果表明,肠道微生物组的个体差异会影响代谢产物,使得免疫系统响应不同病原体时表现不同。此外,类似于肠道微生物,其他因素(包括季节、个体年龄、性别、遗传等)同样也会影响细胞因子分泌。

Xavier强调,研究遗传、微生物、环境等因素对免疫反应的影响,有助于实现过敏等免疫疾病的个性化治疗目标。

原始出处:

Melanie Schirmer, Sanne P. Smeekens, Hera Vlamakis, Martin Jaeger, Marije Oosting, Eric A. Franzosa, Trees Jansen, Liesbeth Jacobs, Marc Jan Bonder, Alexander Kurilshikov, Jingyuan Fu, Leo A.B. Joosten, Alexandra Zhernakova, Curtis Huttenhower, Cisca Wijmenga, Mihai G. NeteacorrespondencePress enter key for correspondence informationemailPress enter key to Email the author, Ramnik J. Xavier11.Linking the Human Gut Microbiome to Inflammatory Cytokine Production Capacity.j.cell.2016.10.

Rob ter Horst14, Martin Jaeger14, Sanne P. Smeekens, Marije Oosting, Morris A. Swertz, Yang Li, Vinod Kumar, Dimitri A. Diavatopoulos, Anne F.M. Jansen, Heidi Lemmers, Helga Toenhake-Dijkstra, Antonius E. van Herwaarden, Matthijs Janssen, Renate G. van der Molen, Irma Joosten, Fred C.G.J. Sweep, Johannes W. Smit, Romana T. Netea-Maier, Mieke M.J.F. Koenders, Ramnik J. Xavier, Jos W.M. van der Meer, Charles A. Dinarello, Norman Pavelka, Cisca Wijmenga, Richard A. Notebaart, Leo A.B. JoostencorrespondencePress enter key for correspondence informationemailPress enter key to Email the author, Mihai G. Netea15.Host and Environmental Factors Influencing Individual Human Cytokine Responses.j.cell.2016.10.

Yang Li8,9,, Marije Oosting8, Sanne P. Smeekens8, Martin Jaeger8, Raul Aguirre-Gamboa, Kieu T.T. Le, Patrick Deelen, Isis Ricaño-Ponce, Teske Schoffelen, Anne F.M. Jansen, Morris A. Swertz, Sebo Withoff, Esther van de Vosse, Marcel van Deuren, Frank van de Veerdonk, Alexandra Zhernakova, Jos W.M. van der Meer, Ramnik J. Xavier, Lude Franke, Leo A.B. 8,9Lead Contact.A Functional Genomics Approach to Understand Variation in Cytokine Production in Humans.j.cell.2016.10.

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    2017-02-07 爆笑小医
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    2017-04-07 维他命
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    2016-11-30 Tulipzyz

    好复杂,研究人员真厉害!

    0

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    2016-11-15 ylzr123

    肠道微生物组的个体差异会影响代谢产物,使得免疫系统响应不同病原体时表现不同。

    0

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    2016-11-12 studylzc

    评论写了半天不见了。

    0

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    2016-11-11 1dedfe95m66(暂无匿称)

    肠道菌群是司令

    0

  8. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1869622, encodeId=b441186962281, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Tue Feb 07 16:20:00 CST 2017, time=2017-02-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1959881, encodeId=420c1959881f9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3ff68, createdName=维他命, createdTime=Fri Apr 07 12:20:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1824699, encodeId=beb0182469978, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=702a5065860' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#微生物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=50658, encryptionId=702a5065860, topicName=微生物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0b7c20, createdName=wjcjjian, createdTime=Fri Jan 20 06:20:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=159252, encodeId=119215925226, content=好复杂,研究人员真厉害!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=3, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ef621732290, createdName=Tulipzyz, createdTime=Wed Nov 30 23:31:35 CST 2016, time=2016-11-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=155814, encodeId=625c155814c8, content=肠道微生物组的个体差异会影响代谢产物,使得免疫系统响应不同病原体时表现不同。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Tue Nov 15 07:40:44 CST 2016, time=2016-11-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=155251, encodeId=677a15525144, content=评论写了半天不见了。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=2dd71722896, createdName=studylzc, createdTime=Sat Nov 12 10:17:34 CST 2016, time=2016-11-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=155130, encodeId=246c1551303f, content=肠道菌群是司令, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ff901728138, createdName=1dedfe95m66(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Nov 11 23:10:46 CST 2016, time=2016-11-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1540421, encodeId=47161540421d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=bb866843190' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#环境因素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=68431, encryptionId=bb866843190, topicName=环境因素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c9cd13243820, createdName=zengjiayao, createdTime=Wed Nov 09 00:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]

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