Jama Neurol:孕期服用丙戊酸将影响子代的学习成绩

2018-07-11 杨中华 脑血管病及重症文献导读

大家都关注抗癫痫药物(AED)的致畸作用,大量研究显示出生前AED暴露会增加畸形的风险,特别是暴露于丙戊酸盐。另外,越来越多的证据显示丙戊酸盐暴露会降低幼儿的IQ,并且增加孤独症谱系病的风险。

大家都关注抗癫痫药物(AED)的致畸作用,大量研究显示出生前AED暴露会增加畸形的风险,特别是暴露于丙戊酸盐。另外,越来越多的证据显示丙戊酸盐暴露会降低幼儿的IQ,并且增加孤独症谱系病的风险。动物研究也发现出生前和出生后暴露也会影响脑的发育。不过,出生前暴露于丙戊酸盐和新一代AED药物的长期后果尚缺乏证据。

2018年6月来自丹麦的Lars Skou Elkjaer等在JAMA Neurology上公布了他们的登记队列研究结果,目的在于评价出生前暴露于丙戊酸盐和其他AED与长期的学习成绩之间的关系。

该研究为前瞻性,基于人群的队列研究,从2015年8月1日开始到2017年5月31日终止。共纳入656496例儿童,皆出生于丹麦(1997年到2006年)。排除了177469例不符合纳入标准的儿童后,共分析了479027例儿童。主要终点为国家考试成绩。

这479027例儿童中,包括暴露于以下AED单药:丙戊酸盐253例,苯巴比妥86例,奥卡西平236例,拉莫三396例,氯硝西泮188例,和卡马西平296例。完成6级丹麦语考试的244095例儿童的平均年龄为12.9岁(SD,0.39)。与未暴露于AED的儿童相比,暴露于丙戊酸钠儿童的6级丹麦语(adjusted difference, -0.27 SD; 95%CI, -0.42 to -0.12)和6级数学(adjusted difference, -0.33 SD; (95%CI, -0.47 to -0.19)考试成绩更差;与暴露于拉莫三的儿童相比,暴露于丙戊酸钠儿童的6级丹麦语考试成绩更差(adjusted difference, -0.33 SD; 95%CI, -0.60 to -0.06)。同样,与未暴露于AED的儿童相比,暴露于氯硝安定儿童的6级丹麦语考试成绩更差(adjusted difference, -0.07 SD; 95%CI, -0.12 to -0.02)。与未暴露于AED的儿童相比,卡马西平、拉莫三、苯巴比妥和奥卡西平与不良学习成绩无关。

最终作者认为母亲服用丙戊酸盐与子代学校成绩下降有关(vs未暴露AED和暴露于拉莫三的儿童)。这个研究提示育龄期女性不应该服用丙戊酸盐。

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    2019-06-07 yinhl1978
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    2018-12-07 楚钟
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