JCI:研究发现青光眼治疗的新途径

2017-09-19 繁易客 来宝网

位于基础科学研究所(IBS)的血管研究中心的研究人员已经确定了一种与青光眼的发展和发展有关的新机制,并找到了治疗青光眼的潜在治疗方案。青光眼是导致白内障后不可逆转的失明的第二大原因。在全球范围内,大约有3.5%的人在40岁到80岁之间。这项研究发表在临床研究杂志上,可能会导致治疗原发性开角型青光眼(POAG)的治疗方法,占所有青光眼患者的四分之三。



位于基础科学研究所(IBS)的血管研究中心的研究人员已经确定了一种与青光眼的发展和发展有关的新机制,并找到了治疗青光眼的潜在治疗方案。青光眼是导致白内障后不可逆转的失明的第二大原因。在全球范围内,大约有3.5%的人在40岁到80岁之间。这项研究发表在临床研究杂志上,可能会导致治疗原发性开角型青光眼(POAG)的治疗方法,占所有青光眼患者的四分之三。

青光眼的一个最重要的危险因素是眼睛内的压力增加。房水是在眼睛输送营养物质时不断产生和排除的,使眼睛膨胀,使其大致呈球形。然而,如果它不能自由地从眼腔内流出,眼内压的增加会损害视神经,导致视力丧失。虽然目前治疗青光眼的方法是处理水体液的产生和流出,但其结果仍然很差。

在房水中扮演重要角色的眼睛的一个组成部分是巩膜静脉窦。它收集房水,并将其从眼室转移到血液循环中。在静脉壁上的内皮细胞将液体从内到外的“包裹”称为“液泡”。当空泡的形状和数量反映出流出的性能时,有几个巨大的空泡参与到正常的流出过程中。

IBS研究小组解释了巩膜静脉窦的不平衡是如何显着增加青光眼的风险的。它们表明,一个重要的管功能是血管生成素受体2抗体系统。血管生成素,如Ang1和Ang2,是对新血管生长重要的蛋白质,而Tie2是将它们结合在一起的受体。众所周知,血管生成素受体2抗体系统在巩膜静脉窦形成中扮演了一个角色,因为Tie2突变或血管生成的缺失导致了先天性青光眼。然而,这项研究澄清了它在成年期也非常重要。

研究人员报告说,缺乏Tie2的成年老鼠患有眼压升高、视网膜神经损伤和部分视力损害。此外,在巩膜静脉窦的管状内皮细胞中,巨液泡的数量明显减少,这表明水的体液缺乏。

科学家们还研究了老龄鼠的衰老过程是否会发生改变,因为衰老是导致青光眼的主要风险因素,并显示年老的老鼠经历了巨大的空泡、Tie2、Ang1, Ang2,以及其他与血管生成素-Tie2通道相关的蛋白质,如Prox1。

为了测试Tie2激活是否有治疗效果,研究人员测试了抗体ABTAA(ang2-绑定和铁激活抗体)。他们在老鼠的一只眼睛里注射了它,而另一只老鼠的眼睛就像老鼠的负鼠一样。一周后,在施莱姆的运河里,Tie2和Prox1的水平、数量和直径都比对照组的眼睛更大。研究人员观察到,当ABTAA被注射到患有POAG的老鼠的眼睛时,眼睛的压力降低了,这是一种类似的结果。

“青光眼治疗的缓慢发展,在一定程度上是由于对潜在发病机制的理解不佳,”该研究的相应作者高沟说。“我们希望在成人施莱姆的运河中确定血管形成-tie2系统的关键作用,这将极大地促进治疗的发展。”

原始出处:

Jeremiah Bernier-Latmani and Tatiana V. Petrova. All TIEd up: mechanisms of Schlemm’s canal maintenance. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2017.

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    2017-09-19 惠映实验室

    学习了.谢谢.

    0

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    2017-09-19 1e0f8808m18(暂无匿称)

    青光眼治疗新方法.学习了.

    0