王陇德院士谈《脑卒中综合防治工作方案》

2016-12-26 王陇德 新浪微博@健康中国

12月2日,国家卫生计生委办公厅和国家中医药管理局办公室联合印发了《脑卒中综合防治工作方案》。近日,国家卫生计生委脑卒中防治工程委员会副主任、中国工程院院士王陇德就脑卒中防治工作接受了“健康中国”的采访。当前我国脑卒中防治形势如何?脑卒中俗称“中风”,死亡率、致残率、复发率高,是危害我国居民健康的重大慢性病。近年来我国居民每年因脑卒中死亡人数近200万,死亡率为140.3/10万,占总死亡的22.

12月2日,国家卫生计生委办公厅和国家中医药管理局办公室联合印发了《脑卒中综合防治工作方案》。近日,国家卫生计生委脑卒中防治工程委员会副主任、中国工程院院士王陇德就脑卒中防治工作接受了“健康中国”的采访。

当前我国脑卒中防治形势如何?

脑卒中俗称“中风”,死亡率、致残率、复发率高,是危害我国居民健康的重大慢性病。近年来我国居民每年因脑卒中死亡人数近200万,死亡率为140.3/10万,占总死亡的22.8%。高血压糖尿病、血脂异常、超重肥胖等是脑卒中发病的重要危险因素。2012年我国18岁及以上居民高血压患病率为25.2%,糖尿病患病率为9.7%,高胆固醇血症患病率为4.9%,肥胖率为11.9%,超重率更是高达30.1%。随着我国城镇化、工业化、人口老龄化进程不断加快,过量饮酒、吸烟、身体活动不足等个人不健康生活方式广泛存在,脑卒中发病、患病和死亡人数仍将不断增多。

为什么要出台《脑卒中综合防治工作方案》?

国内外大量的研究和实践证明,脑卒中是一种可防可控的疾病。“十二五”期间,国家卫生计生委成立脑卒中防治工程委员会,为全国脑卒中防治工作提供业务指导和技术支持,目前已建立起包括脑卒中防治基地医院、疾控机构、基层医疗卫生机构在内的脑卒中防治管服务体系,提高基层脑卒中防治能力和水平。中央财政设立专项资金,支持地方开展脑卒中高危人群筛查和干预项目。利用“世界卒中日”等契机,加大脑卒中防治知识的宣传普及。这些工作的开展为扩大脑卒中综合防治工程覆盖面,推广防治适宜技术奠定了坚实的基础。

截至目前,脑卒中高危人群筛查干预项目累计筛查40岁以上居民610余万人,筛查出95.2万余名脑卒中高危人群和患者,筛查发现率高达15.6%。与此同时,社会各界对脑卒中的认识不足,脑卒中防治保障政策不够完善,脑卒中高危筛查干预长效机制不够健全,目前脑卒中的筛查干预工作主要依托项目开展,覆盖面窄、受益人口少,脑卒中筛查干预适宜技术尚未得到普及和推广,基层脑卒中防治能力难以满足防治工作的需要。为了加强脑卒中防治工作的统筹规划,国家卫生计生委和国家中医药管理局出台《脑卒中综合防治工作方案》,明确脑卒中综合防治工作的目标、任务和具体措施,为各地开展脑卒中防治工作提供政策依据。

下一步,将如何落实《脑卒中综合防治工作方案》?

脑卒中防治工作是推进健康中国建设的重要组成部分,也是实现“十三五”规划中确定的重大慢性病过早死亡率降低10%的目标的重点工作。“十三五”期间,要以心脑血管病等慢性病为突破口,建立区域性脑卒中防控体系,加大脑卒中高危人群筛查和干预力度,推动中国卒中中心建设,提升基层诊疗能力,加强脑卒中防治宣传教育,遏制脑卒中发病率,特别是中年人脑卒中发病率快速上升的趋势,减少因病致残和过早死亡。

脑卒中防治工作是一项综合性的系统工程,需要将脑卒中防治融入到各项政策中,要建立部门协作机制,强化吸烟、高盐高脂饮食、久坐不动等脑卒中危险因素控制。工作方案依据不同人群制定了相应的防控策略,有很强的可操作性。健康教育是提高居民健康素养、促进群众形成健康的行为和生活方式的最经济有效的手段,要提供针对全人群、生命全周期的脑卒中防治知识宣传,并确保科普传播的科学性、科普性、广泛性和可及性,提升健康教育效果。对于脑卒中高危人群一方面要注重早期发现,以脑卒中高危人群筛查与干预项目为引领,加强人群体检与机会性筛查的工作力度;另一方面要强调规范化管理和危险因素干预工作。高血压是脑卒中的首要病因,要以基层医疗卫生机构为主要阵地开展高血压患者的规范化管理,提高高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率。对于脑卒中患者,要强调规范诊疗、康复、预防复发的全程管理。国家卫生计生委已经出台了《医院卒中中心建设与管理指导原则(试行)》指导各地开展卒中中心的建设,将为患者提供更为高效、全面的诊疗服务。到2020年建立起覆盖全国的脑卒中防治体系,广泛开展脑卒中防治工作,力争将我国脑卒中发病率增长速度降低到5%以下。同时将脑卒中防治体系建设模式和防控策略逐步推广到其他重点慢性病防控工作中,保障国民健康。


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    2016-12-28 虈亣靌

    更新换代好快啊

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2038035, encodeId=472b2038035e8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=92344e886ea' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#工作方案#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=47886, encryptionId=92344e886ea, topicName=工作方案)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=198d2500149, createdName=12498bd5m16暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Sep 10 11:56:00 CST 2017, time=2017-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1816284, encodeId=a10518162841a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cce19e42414' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#防治工作#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97424, encryptionId=cce19e42414, topicName=防治工作)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTIW7uIr5ebYvJohUq0dkkVV05uF9jPpeyCrlcx904mUdMI9UKqpO3bt4GkgYBNdv485qT2NsVE27w/132, createdBy=023c2500122, createdName=ms8543593053280928, createdTime=Thu Aug 17 23:56:00 CST 2017, time=2017-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2069760, encodeId=62aa2069e6021, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c993e91633d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#综合防治#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79163, encryptionId=c993e91633d, topicName=综合防治)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=052a130, createdName=yyj062, createdTime=Tue Nov 14 10:56:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=166335, encodeId=083a1663354c, content=更新换代好快啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Wed Dec 28 12:55:31 CST 2016, time=2016-12-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=165777, encodeId=78e3165e7794, content=哪里可以下载,需学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuHfSLw3PzIKiaSnTBUuAtRkrrxWpibukl35iciaGtBq4LYQv4ian1tPC3IdmzWI2dZ3cDC8wUg5CnBxlJ/0, createdBy=33a51675735, createdName=jiangxianchen, createdTime=Mon Dec 26 12:19:50 CST 2016, time=2016-12-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-12-26 jiangxianchen

    哪里可以下载,需学习

    0

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