Nat Rev Immunol:曹雪涛院士发表Nature综述:抗感染固有免疫反应的表观遗传调控

2019-04-08 佚名 生物通

曹雪涛院士全面阐述了近年来关于表观遗传调控因子在感染诱导的天然免疫和炎症反应中的调控作用的代表性研究成果。

曹雪涛院士全面阐述了近年来关于表观遗传调控因子在感染诱导的天然免疫和炎症反应中的调控作用的代表性研究成果。

表观遗传学立足于染色质层面,涉及DNA、非编码RNA和组蛋白等染色质相关分子的调控,为近年来世界生命科学前沿的热点领域。其研究生命体分化发育过程中,在基因组不变的情况下,产生表型和功能各异的器官、组织和细胞的遗传基础。表观遗传调控在各种生理和病理过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。

3月27号,曹雪涛院士在《Nature Reviews Immunology》在线发表了题为“Epigenetic regulation of the innate immune response to infection”的综述。全面阐述了近年来关于表观遗传调控因子在感染诱导的天然免疫和炎症反应中的调控作用的代表性研究成果。

天然免疫系统为抵抗病原体入侵的第一道防线,天然免疫细胞识别病原体,快速启动天然免疫反应并引发炎症;在清除病原体以后,免疫反应和炎症会及时消退以保护正常组织。在这一过程中天然免疫细胞会由静息状态转换为活化状态,之后再进入耐受或消退状态。

这种不依赖基因组DNA改变的功能状态的快速转换会势必在表观遗传层面受到精确调控。因此,近年来天然免疫的表观调控成为继模式识别受体及其信号通路之后,世界免疫学界的又一大研究热点,该领域高水平的研究结果不断涌现。

这篇综述首先概述了表观遗传调控的几大主要内容,以及各自的最新研究进展,并提出了当今表观遗传研究的热点和难点问题。随后,立足于天然免疫反应的各个层面,从病原体识别及其相关通路的信号转导,到感染信号诱导的天然免疫效应分子的转录开启和关闭,再到天然免疫的耐受和记忆,该文详细阐述了各种表观调控因子如何在基因转录的染色质修饰、转录后的RNA修饰、以及翻译后蛋白修饰等水平,参与启动感染特异性天然免疫反应,并维持其精确平衡。

作者在文章中也概述了近期生命科学热点领域代谢与表观遗传的相互作用如何参与调控天然免疫反应,特别是感染信号诱导的代谢通路的重塑与染色质状态的重塑之间的交叉调控。

此外,文章不仅仅局限于表观遗传因子对感染信号诱导的天然免疫反应的调控,也介绍了病原体如何通过其自身组成成分和自编码蛋白,或间接作用于表观调控因子、或直接修饰宿主染色质,来介导免疫逃逸、促进感染性疾病和肿瘤的发生发展。

值得关注的是,针对如何深入研究表观遗传学领域的难点问题——表观遗传调控的特异性,如天然免疫细胞如何响应病原体特异性感染信号,这篇文章通过特异性表观调控因子介导基因特异性表达调控,以此来建立感染诱导的细胞特异性功能状态,提出了自己的观点。并以此进一步展望了天然免疫表观调控的未来研究方向,尤其是在新型表观组学技术的不断发展的前景下,如何在功能基因组学的层面系统、全面的揭示天然免疫反应各层面的表观调控新事件。

原始出处:Zhang Q, Cao X. Epigenetic regulation of the innate immune response to infection. Nat Rev Immunol. 2019 Mar 27.

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    2019-09-05 liye789132251
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    2019-04-08 junJUN

    院士是学术至高点,也是大家必争之地呀

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同卵双胞胎拥有相同基因组,是用于研究表观遗传修饰作用(在不改变DNA序列本身的情况下改变控制基因表达的DNA)的理想对象。近期发表在Genome Medicine的一篇文章研究了79对同卵双胞胎,每对双胞胎中有一人患有类风湿关节炎,另一人没有患此类疾病,该研究旨在探究可能与类风湿关节炎有关的表观遗传学因素。

Sci Rep:环境毒物能够诱导前列腺病理的表观遗传继代遗传

前列腺疾病包括了前列腺癌,是第二大最为常见的男性肿瘤,并且联想前列腺增生(BPH)影响着大约50%的男性。前列腺疾病的发生率在增加,并且增加的一些原因中可能包括了祖先对环境毒物的接触以及表观遗传的继代遗传机制。最近,有研究人员确定了怀孕的雌性老鼠接触乙烯菌核利对前列腺疾病表观继代遗传的影响,并鉴定了相关的分子表观遗传机制。研究发现,接触乙烯菌核利的F3雄性小鼠在12个月大时,前列腺组织病理和异常与

Brit J Cancer:准确率达92%!甲基化助力前列腺癌诊断!

前列腺癌(PCa)是老年男性最高发的恶性肿瘤之一,在我国,该病发病率正在快速增长。前列腺癌被称为“沉默的杀手”,不甚明朗的肿瘤分期极易造成“过度治疗”,也可导致疾病进展时的措手不及或无效治疗,因此,找寻可准确分辨前列腺癌真正状态的标志物成为了当务之急。近日,英国和加拿大的科学家们确定了一种可检测的DNA甲基化标记,他们声称该方法可以区分前列腺癌的“侵袭”和“可治”状态,准确率高达92%。换言之,前