Lancet Infect Dis:耐多药结核病疫情的“元凶”原来是它

2016-12-18 苏宁宁 医师报

复旦大学基础医学院高谦教授研究团队与上海市疾病预防控制中心梅建教授研究团队共同发现,耐多药结核病的“传播”是导致高耐多药结核病疫情的主要原因。(Lancet 12月2日在线版)耐多药结核主要耐两种抗结核药物异烟肼和利福平,其治疗和防控面临挑战,一直是全球性的难题。既往认为,治疗不当是产生高耐多药结核病疫情的主要原因。该研究纳入上海市2009-2012年的7982例结核病患者的结核菌样本,从中鉴定出

复旦大学基础医学院高谦教授研究团队与上海市疾病预防控制中心梅建教授研究团队共同发现,耐多药结核病的“传播”是导致高耐多药结核病疫情的主要原因。(Lancet 12月2日在线版)
耐多药结核主要耐两种抗结核药物异烟肼和利福平,其治疗和防控面临挑战,一直是全球性的难题。


既往认为,治疗不当是产生高耐多药结核病疫情的主要原因。该研究纳入上海市2009-2012年的7982例结核病患者的结核菌样本,从中鉴定出367例耐多药结核菌,应用基因型检测、全基因组测序和流行病学网络分析法。

共7982例结核患者中,367例(5%)为多重耐药结核,其中324你例做了基因组分析。在324例多重耐药菌株中,103例有38个基因组簇存在多种SNP突变。

结果发现,至少73%的耐多药结核患者由传播导致,其中44%的患者是在感染后1~2年发病。
传播主要发生在社区以及公共场所,诊断不及时是传播的主要危险因素。同时,研究发现耐多药结核菌在传播过程中会产生新的耐药,成为更加难治的广泛耐药结核菌,且耐多药结核菌自身也在不断进化,通过补偿性突变,提高了自身的适应力。

高谦教授指出,目前我国发现的耐多药结核患者不到估计人数的10%,而已发现患者中仅约60%的病人接受治疗,治愈率不到40%。大量的耐多药结核病人作为隐藏的传染源依然在不断传播,将造成更多的耐多药结核病患者产生。

专家建议:

国家应及时调整防控策略,尤其是因地制宜地制定我国耐多药结核病控制策略,将防控工作的重点放在加强患者的发现和传染源的控制上,并在此基础上,加强对患者的规范化治疗和管理。当前,我国相关部门急需采取切实有效的措施,提高基层实验室的能力,及时诊断和发现耐多药患者;对于已发现的患者,应加强规范化治疗,避免产生新的耐药;同时强化耐多药结核病患者的社区管理工作,做到有法可依,阻断耐药结核病的传播。只有这样,耐多药结核病的疫情才有望得以控制,才能实现世界卫生组织提出的2035年消灭结核病的“结核梦”。

原始出处:

Yang C, Luo T, Shen X, Wu J, Gan M, Xu P, Wu Z, Lin S, Tian J, Liu Q, Yuan Z, Mei J, DeRiemer K, Gao Q. Transmission of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Shanghai, China: a retrospective observational study using whole-genome sequencing and epidemiological investigation. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016 Dec 2. pii: S1473-3099(16)30418-2

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    2017-09-22 howi
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    2016-12-28 李东泽

    很好,不错,以后会多学习

    0

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    2016-12-19 1e159d62m78(暂无匿称)

    消灭结核!good!

    0

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    2016-12-18 ann y

    Lancet Infect Dis:耐多药结核病疫情的“元凶”原来是它

    0

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