AHA 2017:中国专家:高频刺激法标测肾交感神经的新发现

2017-11-20 黄兵 余锂镭 江洪 国际循环

来自武汉大学人民医院心内科的江洪教授团队在大会上展示并交流了“Effects of Transient Renal Nerves Stimulation on Ventricular Arrhythmogenesis”研究结果,引起与会者的关注。

2017年美国心脏协会(AHA)科学年会为世界各地的心血管医生奉献了一场受益颇丰的学术盛宴。与此同时,中国的专家、学者在此次大会上发表众多研究成果。其中,来自武汉大学人民医院心内科的江洪教授团队在大会上展示并交流了“Effects of Transient Renal Nerves Stimulation on Ventricular Arrhythmogenesis”研究结果,引起与会者的关注。

肾交感神经消融(RDN)是近几年来心血管领域的一大研究热点,并逐渐成为治疗顽固性高血压的非常有前景的新策略。然而,全球首个随机、对照、双盲研究——Symplicity HTN-3试验却得出阴性结果。缺少有效的消融靶点和消融终点可能是导致HTN-3试验失败的潜在原因之一。既往研究发现,肾交感神经高频刺激可增加交感神经活动而升高动脉血压。随后,相继有动物和临床研究报道肾交感神经刺激-血压升高反应可有效用于标测RDN的消融靶点及明确RDN的消融终点。

近年来,武汉大学人民医院大内科主任、心内科主任江洪教授领导的研究团队在大量研究基础上提出“心-肾交感神经环路”学说,发现持续肾交感神经激活会引起心脏交感神经激活,增加室性心律失常的发生。然而,肾交感神经高频刺激标测RDN消融靶点/终点的方法是否会增加心脏交感神经节活性、增加室性心律失常的风险尚不清楚。在2017年AHA大会上,江洪教授团队交流了相关的最新研究成果。

江洪教授团队分别在正常犬、陈旧性心肌梗死犬和急性心肌梗死犬中观察短暂的(1~2 min)肾交感神经高频刺激对心脏交感神经节活性和心室电生理性质的影响。结果显示,在正常和陈旧性心肌梗死犬中,尽管肾交感神经刺激增加心脏交感神经节活性,但并没有影响心室有效不应期(ERP)、动作电位时程(APD50和APD90)以及APD回复曲线的最大斜率(Smax),也没有诱发出自发性的室性心律失常;而在急性心肌梗死犬中,肾交感神经刺激显著激活心脏交感神经节,并促进了缺血性室性心律失常的发生。研究结果提示,在正常或陈旧性心肌梗死的患者中,高频刺激法标测肾交感神经不会增加室性心律失常的风险,是相对安全的;但在急性心肌梗死或其他室性心律失常高危患者中,高频刺激法标测肾交感神经则可能诱发严重的恶性室性心律失常,是不安全的。(如下图)



除了顽固性高血压外,RDN对于其他伴有交感神经异常激活的疾病同样有一定的治疗作用,包括顽固性心室电风暴。动物研究显示,RDN可显著抑制急性心肌梗死导致的室性心律失常,也可显著减少长QT综合征恶性室性心律失常的发生。临床研究也发现,对于药物和消融治疗无效的顽固性心室电风暴患者,RDN可有效减少室速/室颤的发作。依据江洪教授团队的研究结果,对于这些恶性室性心律失常高危患者行RDN术时,应慎用高频刺激标测肾交感神经的方法或使用时应提前备好相关抢救措施。

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1921205, encodeId=e2171921205a8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6bfa58133ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新发现#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58133, encryptionId=6bfa58133ef, topicName=新发现)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=644e456, createdName=vera_1203, createdTime=Tue Sep 11 14:42:00 CST 2018, time=2018-09-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1267622, encodeId=1402126e6225d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=922f21183d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#AHA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2118, encryptionId=922f21183d, topicName=AHA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Wed Nov 22 13:42:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=262953, encodeId=05f026295352, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo4cyIbibqa2VuNGCKeyRxITYNqLTIaoFo3Jx2LSawp8yrFSs1CIXKv1jyXV97ecnxhhktGKkPP9onfJFZCbiayLgic/0, createdBy=3f1c1956638, createdName=1e127dd4m40(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Nov 20 23:57:21 CST 2017, time=2017-11-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=262950, encodeId=eb0626295090, content=学习一下谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zSn0GqHrsfLGSUSR8zwnWWLT4FMl5XH8S58HuZslVkLsAPbXDXaliagK7TOxQfmngKibG1yrDonepCLDkcxGk8hS/0, createdBy=b8282062892, createdName=changjiu, createdTime=Mon Nov 20 23:51:03 CST 2017, time=2017-11-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-11-22 爆笑小医
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    2017-11-20 1e127dd4m40(暂无匿称)

    学习了

    0

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    2017-11-20 changjiu

    学习一下谢谢

    0