European Radiology:FROC模型和双参数VI-RADS对膀胱尿路上皮癌分期和分级的评价

2022-01-11 shaosai MedSci原创

膀胱癌是全球第十大最常见的癌症,2018年有54.9万新发病例,约20万人死亡。大多数膀胱癌在组织学上被归类为尿路上皮癌,其治疗方案主要根据浸润深度和组织学等级来决定。

膀胱癌是全球第十大最常见的癌症,2018年有54.9万新发病例,约20万人死亡。大多数膀胱癌在组织学上被归类为尿路上皮癌,其治疗方案主要根据浸润深度和组织学等级来决定。对于非肌层浸润性膀胱癌(NMIBC;T1期或更低)患者,通常推荐经尿道膀胱肿瘤切除术(TURBT),而更具侵袭性的肌层浸润性膀胱癌(MIBC;T2期或更高)经常需要进行根治性膀胱切除术、辅助化疗或两者同时进行。因此准确评估有无肌层浸润和肿瘤细胞分化程度,不仅对选择最佳治疗方案至关重要,而且对低风险的NMIBC患者避免不必要的侵入性治疗也十分重要。

在临床上,TURBT是确定肌肉浸润性和组织学等级的标准方法。然而,据报道,在高达25%的肌层浸润性膀胱癌中,肿瘤可能被低估,并且由于取样错误,高达15%的肿瘤会出现不准确的分级。这些局限性以及TURBT手术的高成本和侵入性,表明非常需要一种无创的、更准确的成像技术来协助对膀胱尿路上皮癌进行分期分级。

膀胱成像-报告和数据系统(VI-RADS)的引入为临床上的对膀胱癌的规范化评估及判读提供了基础现阶段,分阶微积分(FROC)模型已在临床上的多个方面应用及认可。FROC模型提供了三个参数:扩散系数D(单位:μm2/ms),空间分阶导数β(无量纲)以及空间参数μ(单位:μm)。当与VI-RADS结合时,该模型也可以提高诊断性能。

近日,发表在European Radiology杂志的一项研究探讨了在高b值下使用DWI与FROC模型对尿路上皮癌进行分期和分级的可行性,同时比较了FROC参数与ADC的性能,并研究了当FROC参数与简化版的VI-RADS相结合时提高诊断性能的情况为膀胱癌的术前无创性准确评估提供了强有力的支持

项前瞻性研究纳入了58名患有膀胱尿道癌患者。使用FROC模型分析了以16个b值(0-3600s/mm2)获取的扩散加权图像。三个FROC参数,D、β和μ,被用于划分NMIBC和MIBC,并用于肿瘤分级。基于单个FROC参数及其组合进行了受试者工作(ROC)分析,然后与基于T2加权图像和DWI的表观扩散系数(ADC)和双参数VI-RADS进行比较。 

MIBC组的D和μ明显低于NMIBC组(各P = 0.001),D、β和μ在高等级肿瘤中都表现出明显低于低等级肿瘤(P ≤ 0.011)。D、β和μ的组合对区分NMIBC和MIBC产生了最高的特异性(85%)、准确性(78%)和ROC曲线下的面积(AUC,0.782),对肿瘤分级产生了最好的敏感性(89%)、特异性(86%)、准确性(88%)和AUC(0.892),这些都优于ADC。FROC参数与双参数VI-RADS的组合将AUC从0.859提高到0.931。 

 上排:NMIBC患者。轴位(a)和矢状位(b)T2加权图像显示左后壁的外生性肿瘤,有低信号的柄(箭头)和完整的固有肌层线,表明T2加权成像评分为2。b=1000s/mm2的扩散加权图像(c)显示一个高信号强度的肿瘤,有一个低信号强度的柄(箭头),表明DWI评分为2。下图 行:MIBC患者。轴位(d)和矢状位(e)T2加权图像显示左侧壁上的肿瘤,并延伸至周围脂肪(箭头),表明T2加权成像评分为5。b=1000s/mm2的弥散加权图像(f)显示高信号强度的肿瘤延伸至周围脂肪(箭头),表明DWI评分为5分。最终双参数VI-RADS评分为5分。

本研究证明,无论是单独还是联合应用FROC模型参数,该模型均可用于划分NMIBC和MIBC以及低级和高级膀胱尿上皮癌。FROC模型参数可以超越传统的ADC,提高双参数VI-RADS的诊断性能。随着进一步的验证,FROC扩散模型可能成为一个潜在的基于成像的工具,以协助组织病理学和VI-RADS来描述膀胱尿上皮癌的特征及分级

原文出处

Cui Feng,Yanchun Wang,Guangyu Dan,et al.Evaluation of a fractional-order calculus diffusion model and bi-parametric VI-RADS for staging and grading bladder urothelial carcinoma.DOI:10.1007/s00330-021-08203-2

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    2022-05-11 江川靖瑶
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    2022-10-13 linlin2312
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    2022-04-16 仁医06
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    2022-09-29 feather89
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    2022-01-13 huagfeg
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