Nat Commun:颠覆!现有肺癌疗法竟会导致癌症进展!

2018-11-21 Michael,Zoe 转化医学网

导 读 生病怎么办?吃药呗!自己在家吃药治不好怎么办?去医院呗!可是你有没有质疑过现有的治疗方法或者药物呢?我相信大部分人没有这种观念,更没有人去关心药物应用的最新发展。其实,医学的发展就是一个不断纠错的过程,先前的研究或者成熟的治疗方案可以被现有的发现所颠覆。近日,来自哈佛干细胞研究所C.F. Kim教授的研究团队发现现有的肺癌治疗方法或可导致肿瘤本身进展,其最新的研究成果发表于《Nat


导  读

生病怎么办?吃药呗!自己在家吃药治不好怎么办?去医院呗!可是你有没有质疑过现有的治疗方法或者药物呢?我相信大部分人没有这种观念,更没有人去关心药物应用的最新发展。其实,医学的发展就是一个不断纠错的过程,先前的研究或者成熟的治疗方案可以被现有的发现所颠覆。近日,来自哈佛干细胞研究所C.F. Kim教授的研究团队发现现有的肺癌治疗方法或可导致肿瘤本身进展,其最新的研究成果发表于《Nature Communications》杂志。

"全球肺癌关注月"是世界肺癌联盟在2001年11月发起的一项全球性倡议,把每年的11月定为"全球肺癌关注月",旨在呼吁世界各国重视肺癌的预防,这一呼吁得到世界上许多国家的响应。

先前的研究发现通过更改影响基因表达的表观遗传学调节分子可以达到有效的抗癌效果,这成为目前肿瘤研究的“希望之星”,但这种策略是否能在人体内发挥作用尚未得到证实。由波士顿儿童医院C.F. Kim教授领导的研究团队研究发现:阻断一种名为G9a的组蛋白甲基转移酶的表观遗传调节因子原本认为是治疗肺癌有潜力的靶点,但实际上阻断这种分子却产生了相反的效果——肿瘤反而进展了!

他们的研究还发现抑制G9a调节基因可抑制小鼠的肿瘤增殖细胞(TPC),导致肺肿瘤的减少。第一作者Samuel Rowbotham博士表示,“研究人员研究了肺部肿瘤的细胞系,发现这些细胞对抑制G9a的药物敏感。在一般肿瘤细胞群中,这些药物会减缓肿瘤细胞的生长甚至杀死肿瘤细胞。但我们发现这些药物也使得存活的肿瘤细胞更像干细胞。因此,我们预测这将促进肺癌的进一步进展。

该研究团队将癌症干细胞移植到小鼠体内并跟踪肿瘤生长情况。他们发现,移植G9a基因敲除细胞的动物比移植具有功能性G9a细胞的动物更容易发生肺肿瘤和转移。进一步的研究表明缺乏G9a与TPC数量增加有关。

G9a在人肺腺癌中通常不发生突变,但该团队对数百名腺癌患者数据进行分析发现,G9a表达越高,10年生存率更好。有趣的是,他们还发现赖氨酸去甲基化酶(KDM)的高表达水平,与较差的10年存活率相关,这种酶的作用是使H3K9去甲基化。

当他们在小鼠腺癌细胞中沉默KDM3A基因并将这些细胞移植到小鼠体内时,动物比对照动物产生的肿瘤更少。与对照小鼠相比,用KDM3A抑制剂治疗携带腺癌的小鼠也有效地减少了肿瘤的生长,这表明通过KDM3A靶向抑制TPC可能是肺腺癌的有效治疗方法。

虽然癌症干细胞尚未在人类腺癌中被发现,但研究负责人Carla Kim博士认为,这一发现值得进一步深入研究,特别是考虑到2017年的一项研究证明脱甲基酶抑制剂可以杀死对化疗产生耐药的肿瘤细胞。他们认为现在的结果与以前的研究结果不一致的原因可能是因为先前的工作主要是在细胞系水平展开。

这些结果将使临床医生和基础研究者重新审视目前的抗癌药物,药物对于单纯细胞系的作用或与对整个生物体水平存在截然不同的作用。为此,研究人员表示将进一步研究这种奇特的表观遗传修饰效应。

原始出处:

S. P. Rowbotham,et al.H3K9 methyltransferases and demethylases control lung tumor-propagating cells and lung cancer progression.Nature Communications 9 , 1–13.19 November 2018

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    2019-04-29 liye789132251
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    2019-07-15 liuli5079
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    2018-11-23 jambiya
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    2018-11-22 kafei

    学习了谢谢

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