指甲长黑线当心黑色素瘤,挠破了痣要不要就医

2017-07-05 陈明明 澎湃新闻

指甲的变化能预示身体健康状况,当你发现指甲长有黑线,切不可因为无任何不适症状而大意。上海同济大学附属同济医院皮肤性病科主任赵敬军主任医师告诉记者,指甲黑线未必是甲下淤血,“指甲上长黑线的情况在临床比较常见,甲母痣、雀斑样痣、黑色素瘤、甲真菌病、外伤等都可能引起。而甲母痣最常见的症状就是甲黑线,容易癌变为黑色素瘤。”恶性黑色素瘤是由皮肤和其他器官黑素细胞产生的肿瘤,虽然其发病率较低,但是恶性度很高,

指甲的变化能预示身体健康状况,当你发现指甲长有黑线,切不可因为无任何不适症状而大意。上海同济大学附属同济医院皮肤性病科主任赵敬军主任医师告诉记者,指甲黑线未必是甲下淤血,“指甲上长黑线的情况在临床比较常见,甲母痣、雀斑样痣、黑色素瘤、甲真菌病、外伤等都可能引起。而甲母痣最常见的症状就是甲黑线,容易癌变为黑色素瘤。”

恶性黑色素瘤是由皮肤和其他器官黑素细胞产生的肿瘤,虽然其发病率较低,但是恶性度很高,容易发生转移,死亡率较高。黑色素瘤肿瘤通常来源于普通的痣,而黑色素瘤开始病变也是通过痣,根据美国国家癌症研究所的数据,身体上超过50个痣的人患黑色素瘤的风险增加。若发现指甲或者黑痣不太正常,要尽早到医院检查,早发现早治疗。

那么,指甲上有黑线如何辨别是甲下淤血还是甲母痣呢?赵敬军主任医师称:“甲下淤血一般是由于外伤造成,且颜色会变淡。而甲母痣会迅速长大变宽,颜色也会变深。并非所有甲母痣都会恶变为黑色素瘤,需要切下后进行活检病理诊断,但是切开指甲的话对患者伤害比较大,临床上,医生会先通过肉眼来辨别是否恶性。通常而言,会恶变为黑色素瘤的甲母痣多见于成人,儿童出现恶性的概率很小;甲母痣宽度大于3cm以上、颜色不均匀,边界模糊,要关注它可能会转化为恶性黑色素瘤;若皮损变化快,治疗后指甲情况无好转,甲周皮肤会出现异常,则需要警惕。”

黑色素瘤大多由基因决定,且具有一定遗传性。产生黑色素瘤的原因可能与种族有关,白人黑色素瘤比有色人种的发病率高,但生活中有些行为也会诱发黑色素瘤。

赵敬军主任医师称:“长期暴露在紫外线中是引起黑色素瘤的原因,当阳光照射在黑色素细胞上的时候,会产生更多的黑色素,皮肤变暗,会形成棕褐色雀斑或者痣,绝大多数是良性的。然而,研究人员认为,过多的紫外线辐射可以破坏黑色素细胞的结构,使它们失控生长成肿瘤。此外,要避免对痣进行摩擦刺激,约有30%~50%的恶性黑色素瘤与外界刺激有关。尤其是别到美容院或不正规的小诊所‘点痣’,否则会刺激黑色素细胞,引起恶变。若痣的形状变得不对称,边缘颜色不均匀,或者痣无故变大都可能是黑色素瘤的一个标志。如果黑痣出现流血,瘙痒的症状也是黑色素瘤的警告信号。”

在日常生活中,不小心挠破了身上的痣该怎么办呢?赵敬军主任医师称,不必过度惊慌,可以贴上邦迪止血或用红药水消毒, 但是伤口反复破裂不见好转,就要立即就医 。

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    2018-04-16 ycmayy
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    2017-07-29 heli0118
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    2017-07-12 松鼠上树

    学习了,谢谢分享

    0

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    2017-07-08 laoli

    学习了,谢谢!

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1678402, encodeId=4cea16e8402e1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a6f85642ebd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#指甲#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=46, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=56427, encryptionId=a6f85642ebd, topicName=指甲)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3ee927698160, createdName=ycmayy, createdTime=Mon Apr 16 02:28:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1680417, encodeId=aae9168041e73, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9e5c86e0712' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86707, encryptionId=9e5c86e0712, topicName=色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=21015, createdName=heli0118, createdTime=Sat Jul 29 17:28:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=221503, encodeId=f6d6221503b4, content=学习了,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/7gcDIibiafYAAXSicO2lQH9E54CZv1GXQ7mreyOcYAr602zBBR427zZNvyiamoNRwDblRdeGb4lz8QvGYxGarrkyOw/132, createdBy=bba82068573, createdName=松鼠上树, createdTime=Wed Jul 12 20:28:48 CST 2017, time=2017-07-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=220096, encodeId=48bc22009603, content=学习了,谢谢!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLC1BMzZWdMSPQWuib6BtQGicK8ygGBM6YakpfkRc67soFSuKbZr86enL1KggQZEZbgWSeicJibafmYfQ3AibicIHMwwicmDShfRFvvI38/0, createdBy=272a110164, createdName=laoli, createdTime=Sat Jul 08 23:43:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=219784, encodeId=b40b219e845e, content=黑色素瘤的发生。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Sat Jul 08 07:37:06 CST 2017, time=2017-07-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1487623, encodeId=3511148e6238b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ae23e118228' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#痣#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71182, encryptionId=ae23e118228, topicName=痣)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=21678344192, createdName=yese, createdTime=Fri Jul 07 12:28:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1558816, encodeId=b988155881628, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Fri Jul 07 12:28:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1564825, encodeId=0f301564825ec, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e27610332666' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#黑色素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103326, encryptionId=e27610332666, topicName=黑色素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=150614999302, createdName=cqlidoudou, createdTime=Fri Jul 07 12:28:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-07, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-07-08 jyzxjiangqin

    黑色素瘤的发生。

    0

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    2017-07-07 yese
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