1元收入6毛砸向销售——医药行业“重销售、轻研发病”得治

2018-04-24 何欣荣、龚雯 新华网

一批广告“神药”近期引发关注,记者调查发现,140多家医药上市公司中,超过40家销售费用占营业收入的比例突破30%,最高者达到66%。其中,不少药企的广告费开支在1亿元以上,超过自身的研发费用。

一批广告“神药”近期引发关注,记者调查发现,140多家医药上市公司中,超过40家销售费用占营业收入的比例突破30%,最高者达到66%。其中,不少药企的广告费开支在1亿元以上,超过自身的研发费用。

业内人士认为,肩负治病救人责任的医药行业,只有根治“重销售、轻研发病”,才能为百姓贡献更多的新药、好药。

病症:逾40家药企销售费用占比突破30%

为自家的产品做推广、打广告,是正常的市场现象。不过,一些医药企业销售费用占比之高、对营销依赖程度之深,令人咋舌。

万得的统计显示,在发布年报的140多家医药上市公司中,有超过40家销售费用占比突破30%。其中,最高的3家海特生物、舒泰神和龙津药业分别达到66%、65%和60%。这意味着,这些企业每1元的收入中,就有6毛砸向销售。

对于销售费用的构成,各家的口径不一。一般而言,包括市场推广、广告宣传、差旅费和会务费等。

比如,人福医药的26亿元销售费用中,市场推广和广告宣传费用接近15亿元。健康元的39亿元销售费用中,市场宣传及推广费达到36亿元。

其实,对于上市药企销售费用占比偏高的问题,监管层也有所关注。比如,4月17日的证监会发审委第64次会议,否决了海南中和药业的IPO申请。会议公告显示,发审委询问的主要问题包括:“发行人报告期销售费用率较高且逐年增长,业务推广费占比较高。”

中国医药企业管理协会副会长王学恭说,药企销售费用占比偏高,可以分两种情况看:非处方药主要面向零售渠道,需要广告投放、品牌塑造来拉近与消费者的距离。处方药的销售费用主要花在各种形式的临床推广活动中,其中不排除一些灰色的、不合规的支出,比如为公众所诟病的“带金”销售,目前行业正在积极规范中。

病根:创新能力薄弱

与广告、销售上大肆撒金相对的是,医药企业在研发、创新上投入力度不足,自主生产的新药、好药不多,反过来更加剧了对营销的依赖。

——医药行业盛产广告“金主”。来自尼尔森网联的监测数据显示,我国的药品及健康产品行业自2015年以来,已连续3年问鼎广告投放之首。去年市场排名前十的广告“金主”中,6家是药企。

“药品是一种特殊的商品。无论处方药还是非处方药,医药企业都应该把更多的精力放在医学证据的建立上,通过疗效和安全性赢得市场,而不是依赖海量的广告。”梅斯医学创始人张发宝博士说。

——多家药企广告费超研发费。研发创新是医药企业的根本,然而统计数据显示,多家上市药企广告费超过了研发费。典型者如生产眼药水的莎普爱思,去年上半年广告费1.21亿元,而研发支出为1126万元;东阿阿胶去年广告费5.13亿元,研发支出为2.26亿元。

值得注意的是,由于广告轰炸模式引发公众视觉疲劳和舆论批评,部分药企也进行了积极改进。如东阿阿胶在年报中表示,2017年积极开展多项临床研究,不断为产品的学术营销提供科研数据支撑。具体到研发支出上,虽然金额仍低于广告费,但同比增长34%。

——原创药不足,行业低水平竞争。一个国家医药行业的竞争力,很大程度上体现在新药、原创药上。研发支出不足,导致我国在原创药方面远逊于发达国家。

在近期上海举行的“华人科学家创新转化30人高峰论坛”上,微芯生物总裁兼首席科学官鲁先平说,我国有约7000家制药企业,数量全球第一,但97%是仿制药。“当前,生命科学、生物技术正在突飞猛进。再不做出改变,企业将面临生存危机。”

处方:监管合力,让“不看广告看疗效”成为现实

当前,各地食药监部门已经行动起来,对已审批的药品广告进行复核,对涉嫌违法的药品广告加强监测。

药品的基本属性是安全性和有效性。除了加强广告监管,业内人士认为,我国还需要加强药品上市后再评价等措施,进一步规范药企的市场行为。

张发宝表示,虽然药品在上市前,会经过一系列严格的动物实验和临床研究后才能被批准。但上市前的研究,无论从时间还是研究数量上都有一定的局限性。加强药品上市后再评价,可以规避潜在的风险来减少不良反应的发生,也有利于发现新的适应症,指导合理用药。

从长远来看,我国医药行业的出路在于创新。唯有改变“重销售、轻研发”的局面,医药行业才能为百姓健康提供更有力的支撑。近年来,国家药监部门出台了一系列监管新政,如创新药优先审批、仿制药一致性评价和药品上市许可人制度等。

在政策引导下,市场资金和注意力也在迅速流向创新型药企。统计显示,A股上市药企中,恒瑞医药的研发投入最大,金额达到17.59亿元,占营业收入比例为12.7%。与之相呼应的是,其市值突破2000亿元,稳居医药企业之首。

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    2018-04-26 lqvr
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    2018-04-26 cathymary
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1687309, encodeId=a7b6168e30936, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=df72966659b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#销售#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=15, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96665, encryptionId=df72966659b, topicName=销售)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0bca28361924, createdName=1249862am81(暂无昵称), createdTime=Fri Jul 13 07:48:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1300137, encodeId=70af130013e39, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ed5ee332423' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#研发#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=73324, encryptionId=ed5ee332423, topicName=研发)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=aea0290, createdName=lqvr, createdTime=Thu Apr 26 01:48:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1409498, encodeId=cd7e140949870, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2c1c35262a9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#医药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=15, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=35262, encryptionId=2c1c35262a9, topicName=医药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=36f62754598, createdName=cathymary, createdTime=Thu Apr 26 01:48:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1604983, encodeId=d4491604983e6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a631353e6e6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#医药行业#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=35376, encryptionId=a631353e6e6, topicName=医药行业)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=adbd19305036, createdName=fmq_28614559, createdTime=Thu Apr 26 01:48:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=308851, encodeId=ce7930885192, content=学习了受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLDicHg2ldsSNmib46PmdzpO7CQEmPjuULp1v45zPWwMYhrnXgvl3OtmUCZSQfgITWn96X9moL94nUGA/0, createdBy=28072041016, createdName=131****1460, createdTime=Tue Apr 24 12:17:27 CST 2018, time=2018-04-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=308842, encodeId=ef8530884267, content=学习了.谢谢分享., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/xkvRjYnJzzRJ2R0y7VhicibvkjPWHjIMmu4ZpKnE9cWAu4lVicS3uDUCfF4M4JWvrkrYfpb2KehPV0Ee29tPqyPEebBUibiaKhnvD/0, createdBy=f8412001184, createdName=惠映实验室, createdTime=Tue Apr 24 12:10:20 CST 2018, time=2018-04-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1687309, encodeId=a7b6168e30936, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=df72966659b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#销售#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=15, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96665, encryptionId=df72966659b, topicName=销售)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0bca28361924, createdName=1249862am81(暂无昵称), createdTime=Fri Jul 13 07:48:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1300137, encodeId=70af130013e39, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ed5ee332423' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#研发#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=73324, encryptionId=ed5ee332423, topicName=研发)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=aea0290, createdName=lqvr, createdTime=Thu Apr 26 01:48:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1409498, encodeId=cd7e140949870, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2c1c35262a9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#医药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=15, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=35262, encryptionId=2c1c35262a9, topicName=医药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=36f62754598, createdName=cathymary, createdTime=Thu Apr 26 01:48:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1604983, encodeId=d4491604983e6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a631353e6e6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#医药行业#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=35376, encryptionId=a631353e6e6, topicName=医药行业)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=adbd19305036, createdName=fmq_28614559, createdTime=Thu Apr 26 01:48:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=308851, encodeId=ce7930885192, content=学习了受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLDicHg2ldsSNmib46PmdzpO7CQEmPjuULp1v45zPWwMYhrnXgvl3OtmUCZSQfgITWn96X9moL94nUGA/0, createdBy=28072041016, createdName=131****1460, createdTime=Tue Apr 24 12:17:27 CST 2018, time=2018-04-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=308842, encodeId=ef8530884267, content=学习了.谢谢分享., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/xkvRjYnJzzRJ2R0y7VhicibvkjPWHjIMmu4ZpKnE9cWAu4lVicS3uDUCfF4M4JWvrkrYfpb2KehPV0Ee29tPqyPEebBUibiaKhnvD/0, createdBy=f8412001184, createdName=惠映实验室, createdTime=Tue Apr 24 12:10:20 CST 2018, time=2018-04-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-04-24 131****1460

    学习了受益匪浅

    0

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    2018-04-24 惠映实验室

    学习了.谢谢分享.

    0

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