专家解读2015ADA/EASD高血糖管理立场声明

2015-03-19 上海交通大学附属第六人民医院内分泌代谢科 苏杭,周健,贾伟平 中国医学前沿杂志(电子版)

美国糖尿病学会(ADA)和欧洲糖尿病研究协会(EASD)关于《2型糖尿病患者高血糖管理:以患者为中心的治疗立场声明》(以下简称本声明)于2015年1月在Diabetes Care杂志发表。本声明更新和完善了2012版《2型糖尿病患者高血糖管理立场声明》,继续强调对2型糖尿病患者高血糖进行个体化治疗,全文涉及由控制目标到干预措施等五大方面内容,本文就每一方面的要点和更新内容进行解读。 1 制订

美国糖尿病学会(ADA)和欧洲糖尿病研究协会(EASD)关于2型糖尿病患者高血糖管理:以患者为中心的治疗立场声明(以下简称本声明)于2015年1月在Diabetes Care杂志发表。本声明更新和完善了2012版《2型糖尿病患者高血糖管理立场声明》,继续强调对2型糖尿病患者高血糖进行个体化治疗,全文涉及由控制目标到干预措施等五大方面内容,本文就每一方面的要点和更新内容进行解读。

1 制订个体化的血糖控制目标

良好的血糖控制作为2型糖尿病管理的基石,时至今日依然错综复杂,甚至在某些方面备受争议。本声明强调在血糖控制的同时,必须关注减少和治疗其他心血管危险因素,如戒烟,养成良好的生活习惯,降压、调脂、抗血小板治疗等,使血糖控制目标在降低多种危险因素的框架内实现。一系列反映2型糖尿病心血管并发症的大型临床试验,如控制糖尿病患者心血管风险行动(ACCORD),糖尿病治疗和血管保护行动——百普乐与达美康缓释片对照评估研究(ADVANCE),美国退伍军人糖尿病试验(VADT等)的结果表明,强化治疗并不是对每位患者都有益处,故本声明强调血糖控制目标应根据患者的自然病程、病情、伴发疾病、年龄和预期寿命、患者的实际需要、个人意愿及耐受性等因素制订,综合考量降糖的获益与风险,而不是“一刀切”。

为减少糖尿病血管并发症,大多数非妊娠成人2型糖尿病患者合理的糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)目标为<7%。医生可建议特定患者采用更严格的HbA1c目标(如<6.5%),前提是在不引起严重低血糖或其他不良反应的情况下达到该目标。这部分患者是指糖尿病病程短,预期寿命长,无严重并发症和治疗积极性高,医疗资源佳的患者。同样,对于部分患者可适当放宽HbA1c目标(如<8%),如有严重低血糖史,预期寿命有限,严重微血管或大血管并发症,多种伴发疾病,糖尿病病程长,医疗资源差的患者。对于即便采取了糖尿病自我管理教育、适当血糖监测和联用包括胰岛素在内的多种降糖药物但仍难以达标的患者,也应及时调整血糖控制目标。

本声明和2012版声明的不同之处在于将影响HbA1c控制的因素分为不易改变和可改变两类。不易改变因素包括糖尿病病程、预期寿命、并发症、降糖药物的不良反应等;可改变因素包括患者治疗的积极性和依从性、可获得的医疗资源和社会的支持力度等,而通过加大财政投入、改善经济水平、健全医疗保障体系以及建议患者接受反复的教育咨询,可以有效改善上述影响因素,达到医疗决策的医患共识。

在具体临床实践过程中,还需临床医师整合当前的临床证据,充分考虑患者的个体差异。由于循证医学主要依赖于临床证据,在提供这些证据的临床试验中,患者经过了严格筛选,干预方案也是严格限定的。因此即使试验证实了某些证据的存在,但相应的数据也只是显示其总体情况,并未探讨哪些治疗方案对特定患者有效以及为什么有效。以患者为中心的治疗是对患者偏好、需求和价值的尊重和回应,应成为所有慢性病治疗的总原则。基于治疗方案的多样性和治疗结果的不确定性,这一原则在2型糖尿病治疗过程中尤其需要注意,最终目的是考虑患者的真实生活环境,在经济能力(个人和公共)可承受的范围内,根据自身的生活方式和治疗药物的种类作出最后的治疗决策。

2 选择适宜的降糖药物

与2012版声明类似,本声明具体讨论了各种口服降糖药物、胰岛素、胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-l)受体激动剂及二肽基肽酶-4(DPP-4)抑制剂的临床应用、疗效和利弊。控制高血糖的目的是为了避免高血糖急性症状,避免长时间的血糖不稳定,防止、延缓糖尿病并发症的出现,并且尽量不影响患者生活质量。因此总的治疗原则应为:所有治疗均应结合降糖药物的疗效、不良反应、附加优点、费用、其他因素(如用药剂量及频次、所要求的血糖监测)等各方面综合分析。血糖控制的预期值和所选择的治疗药物均应在治疗策略的合理性和患者的期望值之间寻求平衡,并与患者共同作出决策。

与2012版声明相比,本声明更新了一些新的降糖药物的研究进展,本文总结如下。

2.1 钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2(SGLT2)抑制剂 

作为近年来热门的新型降糖药物,SGLT2抑制剂通过选择性地抑制肾脏近曲小管上皮细胞膜管腔侧的SGLT2,阻止葡萄糖重吸收并排出过量的葡萄糖(可达80 g/d),达到降低血糖的目的。有研究表明SGLT2抑制剂降低HbA1c约0.5%~1.0%,并且由于其使用不受胰岛素影响,可用于糖尿病治疗的任何阶段,包括胰岛功能严重受损时期。此外,SGLT2抑制剂还有减重(~2 kg,且6~12个月保持稳定)、降压(同时降低收缩压和舒张压,为2~4/1~2 mmHg)的优点,在降低血尿酸水平和尿蛋白排泄率方面也表现出积极作用。SGLT2抑制剂可能增加尿路及生殖道感染率,并且在一些临床试验中观察到其使血肌酐升高(可逆性)、尿钙排泄量增加、低密度脂蛋白轻度升高(~5%,意义尚不明确),故在老年、使用利尿剂、血容量不足的患者中应谨慎使用。由于SGLT2抑制剂的疗效与肾功能状态关系密切,目前认为对于肾小球滤过率<45~60 ml/(min·1.73 m2)的患者,该药的疗效降低。未来研究还需关注其疗效随时间的变化和对血管并发症的改善作用及其心血管安全性。

2.2 噻唑烷二酮类(TZDs)药物 

和以往有所不同的是,本声明指出,有新的证据表明TZDs药物,尤其是吡格列酮导致膀胱癌的作用有限,吡格列酮目前已成为可仿制药物,成本和费用大大降低。TZDs药物的不良反应包括体重增加,液体潴留可致水肿和心力衰竭以及骨折的风险增加。

2.3 DPP-4抑制剂 

肠促胰岛素类药物是目前的研究热点。主要包括两类药物——注射用GLP-l受体激动剂和口服用DPP-4抑制剂。GLP-1受体激动剂可模拟内源性GLP-1的作用,以葡萄糖依赖的方式刺激胰岛素分泌,抑制胰高血糖素生成;DPP-4抑制剂可增加血液循环中活性GLP-l和GIP的浓度,主要作用于胰岛素和胰高血糖素的分泌。本声明首次明确了这两种药物的胰腺安全性(包括胰腺炎和胰腺肿瘤的风险)。目前处方提醒有胰腺炎病史者应慎用,但最近更多的大型临床试验表明用药后胰腺疾病的发生率并无显著变化。对于DPP-4抑制剂的心血管安全性目前尚无定论,近年来一项大型临床试验表明DPP-4抑制剂沙格列汀在长期看来对心血管事件并无额外的风险或收益,然而试验组患者的心力衰竭住院率确有轻微升高(3.5%︰2.8%,P=0.007)。一些相关临床试验尚在进行中,本声明建议有心力衰竭病史的患者应慎用DPP-4抑制剂。

3 确定科学的降糖方案

3.1 初始药物治疗 

在无禁忌证和可耐受的情况下,二甲双胍被广泛认为是首选的、性价比最高的一线用药。应在确诊时首选使用,尤其是对于生活方式干预后HbA1c仍不能达标的患者。由于二甲双胍经肾脏排泄,本声明重点讨论了二甲双胍在肾损伤患者中的使用。目前指南遵循的切点是:男性血清肌酐≥133 μmol/L(≥1.5 mg/dl)、女性血清肌酐≥124 μmol/L(≥1.4 mg/dl)禁用二甲双胍。许多专家呼吁放宽这一指标以使更多稳定的轻中度慢性肾损伤患者可以使用二甲双胍。有标准提出禁用二甲双胍的切点应为估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)<30 ml/(min·1.73 m2),在eGFR<45~60 ml/(min·1.73 m2)时使用二甲双胍应减量,并加强随访。若患者不能使用二甲双胍,则应考虑一种二线药物,但患者肾功能不全时选择受限,此时考虑低血糖风险,磺脲类药物(特别是格列本脲)常不被使用,DPP-4抑制剂在相应的剂量调整后可能是一种较好的选择。

3.2 2种或3种药物联合治疗 

如果单药治疗3个月后HbA1c仍未达标,则需加用另外一种口服药物、GLP-l受体激动剂或基础胰岛素(图1)。本声明在此处主要有两点更新:①新增加了有关SGLT2抑制剂联合用药的推荐,以其目前所表现出的疗效,SGLT2抑制剂被认为是一种合适的二、三线用药,可与二甲双胍或其他药物联合使用。但尚无充分证据推荐与GLP-1受体激动剂联合使用。②2012版声明指出初始二甲双胍和二线药物的联合治疗较序贯治疗可使HbA1c更快达标,本声明认为这一情况发生在HbA1c水平远高于目标值(如HbA1c≥9%)、单独用药很难使血糖达标的患者中。

3.3 联合注射治疗 

大多数患者不愿接受注射治疗,但对于病程长、胰岛功能差、联合3种口服降糖药物治疗仍然无法使HbA1c达标的患者,应考虑启动基础胰岛素治疗,并常与二甲双胍联合使用。其后若空腹血糖达标、但在治疗后3~6个月HbA1c仍未达标者,可在基础胰岛素治疗的基础上,每天加用1~3次短效或速效胰岛素类似物;另外一种更方便但灵活性稍差的选择是在特定患者中使用预混胰岛素,由中效胰岛素和短效/ 速效胰岛素类似物按一定比例组成,早餐前和晚餐前注射。而在过去的3年,已有研究表明GLP-1受体激动剂(包括短效和最新的周剂)与餐时胰岛素相比具有同等甚至略微更佳的治疗效果,还可以降低体重,具有较低的低血糖发生风险。故在上述情况下,本声明将此说法更新为GLP-1受体激动剂和餐时胰岛素都是应对这种状况的合理治疗选择,且前者风险更小,并在肥胖和无法操作复杂胰岛素注射的患者中显得更为优越。对GLP-1受体激动剂反应不佳的患者,需采用“基础—餐前”胰岛素方案,即在基础胰岛素基础上于三餐前追加短效或速效胰岛素。与2012版声明相比,本声明明确了各个胰岛素方案的推荐剂量,并在包括餐前短效或速效胰岛素和预混胰岛素在内的各个胰岛素治疗策略方面均有所更新(图2)。

本声明同时推荐了两种途径以减少胰岛素用量,提高血糖管理水平。①联用新兴的SGLT2抑制剂,在肥胖、胰岛素抵抗明显的患者中尤为适用;②联用TZDs类药物,同样可以减少胰岛素用量并降低HbAlc水平,但其有体重增加、水肿和心力衰竭的不良反应,所以应用时应减量并注意监测。另外,对于胰岛素使用剂量很高的患者也可以选择浓缩胰岛素(常规剂量U-500),可以减少注射量,但需慎用,并向患者和药剂师仔细讲明给药剂量。

对于所有的治疗策略而言,治疗耐受性和药物不良反应均应成为医师考虑的因素。重度低血糖危害甚大,轻度低血糖也会导致患者不适。某些患者不能耐受胃肠道反应,某些患者用药后发生水肿,对于绝经期女性还应注意有无骨折的风险。医疗费用也是影响治疗策略的关键因素,在资源有限的情况下应选择更为廉价的药物,避免过于复杂的方案带来的沉重开销。同时,不良反应和必要的监测所产生的费用也应考虑在内。复杂的降糖方案仍然无法使血糖很好地达标时,应及时调整控制目标或采取其他手段,如肥胖患者采取代谢性手术等。

营养咨询和自我管理教育是贯穿于糖尿病病程各阶段的重要内容,通过有效的咨询和教育确保患者获取相应的降糖方案以及安全监测信息,从而控制血糖水平。同时临床医师应警惕成人隐匿性自身免疫性糖尿病(LADA),患者多通过检测GAD65抗体而确诊,临床表现并不典型,其代谢改变类似1型糖尿病,疾病进展远远快于2型糖尿病。虽然短期内口服降糖药物可以控制血糖水平,但最终将发展至胰岛素治疗,最好采用“基础—餐前”方案或胰岛素泵治疗。


 

4 其他方面的考虑

与2012版声明相同,本声明继续强调对2型糖尿病患者采取任何治疗措施都要同时考虑影响疾病的其他控制因素,其中年龄是尤为重要的因素,此外还有常见的并发症,如冠心病、心力衰竭、肝/肾功能异常、老年痴呆和高/低血糖风险(以及由此引发的更严重不良反应)等,体重、性别、种族、遗传学差异等也都应纳入决策的考虑范畴。另外,本声明提到一些热点问题也值得关注,如上文所述DPP-4抑制剂与心力衰竭的关系、SGLT2抑制剂与肾功能的关系等。本声明再次重申费用是医疗决策中需要考虑的非常重要的因素,新药往往带来高昂的医疗费用,临床医师可能需要采用更为廉价的仿制药来适应患者的经济能力和个人意愿。

5 未来的研究方向

本声明最后提及目前正在进行的多项临床试验将在未来1~3年内提供更多关于降糖治疗对心血管疾病影响的数据,这些都将协助医师进一步优化临床决策。另外一项美国大型临床对照试验将于2020年后提供有关二甲双胍单药治疗后多种药物疗效的长期比较数据,所以本声明在未来几年仍需进一步更新。

与2012版声明最大的不同在于本声明区分了影响HbA1c控制的因素、更新了备选的降糖治疗药物,细化了胰岛素治疗方案。本声明的指令性成分更少,更为灵活,目的是促使医师对2型糖尿病复杂的、进行性发展的本质的领会,增进医师了解临床决策中的药物、患者和疾病因素所发挥的特定作用,深化医师对年龄及并发症对治疗方案的制约性的认识。本声明的核心思想是2型糖尿病以患者为中心进行治疗,即提供一种“尊重患者,适宜患者个体偏好、需求和价值观,确保患者利益,指导所有临床决策”的诊断治疗方法。

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (11)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1927387, encodeId=af47192e3877c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=590220681a0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#专家解读#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20681, encryptionId=590220681a0, topicName=专家解读)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=80c5136, createdName=drj2003, createdTime=Thu Mar 19 21:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=27115, encodeId=52c92e11583, content=好好学习一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Thu Jun 11 18:47:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1690595, encodeId=f7af169059574, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5c472843a1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ASD#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2843, encryptionId=5c472843a1, topicName=ASD)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4e8529069357, createdName=okhuali, createdTime=Mon Jan 25 00:04:00 CST 2016, time=2016-01-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=20339, encodeId=539a2033927, content=AKI对心衰临床治疗意义重大,但依然需要研究检验其适用性, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Sat Apr 11 22:40:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18727, encodeId=ba2818e276b, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18728, encodeId=294418e284f, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18729, encodeId=321b18e295a, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1261067, encodeId=aa09126106e11, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=30c6102e2607' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高血糖#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102726, encryptionId=30c6102e2607, topicName=高血糖)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1264529, encodeId=0278126452991, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=150f19229c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ADA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1922, encryptionId=150f19229c, topicName=ADA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ad9f79, createdName=般若傻瓜, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1521563, encodeId=aa701521563b9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3c4e8985327' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血糖管理#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89853, encryptionId=3c4e8985327, topicName=血糖管理)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c2da11366066, createdName=zhangying8792, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1927387, encodeId=af47192e3877c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=590220681a0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#专家解读#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20681, encryptionId=590220681a0, topicName=专家解读)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=80c5136, createdName=drj2003, createdTime=Thu Mar 19 21:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=27115, encodeId=52c92e11583, content=好好学习一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Thu Jun 11 18:47:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1690595, encodeId=f7af169059574, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5c472843a1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ASD#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2843, encryptionId=5c472843a1, topicName=ASD)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4e8529069357, createdName=okhuali, createdTime=Mon Jan 25 00:04:00 CST 2016, time=2016-01-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=20339, encodeId=539a2033927, content=AKI对心衰临床治疗意义重大,但依然需要研究检验其适用性, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Sat Apr 11 22:40:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18727, encodeId=ba2818e276b, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18728, encodeId=294418e284f, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18729, encodeId=321b18e295a, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1261067, encodeId=aa09126106e11, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=30c6102e2607' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高血糖#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102726, encryptionId=30c6102e2607, topicName=高血糖)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1264529, encodeId=0278126452991, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=150f19229c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ADA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1922, encryptionId=150f19229c, topicName=ADA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ad9f79, createdName=般若傻瓜, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1521563, encodeId=aa701521563b9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3c4e8985327' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血糖管理#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89853, encryptionId=3c4e8985327, topicName=血糖管理)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c2da11366066, createdName=zhangying8792, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-06-11 ljjj1053

    好好学习一下

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1927387, encodeId=af47192e3877c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=590220681a0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#专家解读#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20681, encryptionId=590220681a0, topicName=专家解读)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=80c5136, createdName=drj2003, createdTime=Thu Mar 19 21:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=27115, encodeId=52c92e11583, content=好好学习一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Thu Jun 11 18:47:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1690595, encodeId=f7af169059574, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5c472843a1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ASD#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2843, encryptionId=5c472843a1, topicName=ASD)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4e8529069357, createdName=okhuali, createdTime=Mon Jan 25 00:04:00 CST 2016, time=2016-01-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=20339, encodeId=539a2033927, content=AKI对心衰临床治疗意义重大,但依然需要研究检验其适用性, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Sat Apr 11 22:40:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18727, encodeId=ba2818e276b, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18728, encodeId=294418e284f, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18729, encodeId=321b18e295a, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1261067, encodeId=aa09126106e11, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=30c6102e2607' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高血糖#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102726, encryptionId=30c6102e2607, topicName=高血糖)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1264529, encodeId=0278126452991, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=150f19229c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ADA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1922, encryptionId=150f19229c, topicName=ADA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ad9f79, createdName=般若傻瓜, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1521563, encodeId=aa701521563b9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3c4e8985327' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血糖管理#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89853, encryptionId=3c4e8985327, topicName=血糖管理)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c2da11366066, createdName=zhangying8792, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-01-25 okhuali
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1927387, encodeId=af47192e3877c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=590220681a0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#专家解读#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20681, encryptionId=590220681a0, topicName=专家解读)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=80c5136, createdName=drj2003, createdTime=Thu Mar 19 21:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=27115, encodeId=52c92e11583, content=好好学习一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Thu Jun 11 18:47:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1690595, encodeId=f7af169059574, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5c472843a1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ASD#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2843, encryptionId=5c472843a1, topicName=ASD)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4e8529069357, createdName=okhuali, createdTime=Mon Jan 25 00:04:00 CST 2016, time=2016-01-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=20339, encodeId=539a2033927, content=AKI对心衰临床治疗意义重大,但依然需要研究检验其适用性, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Sat Apr 11 22:40:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18727, encodeId=ba2818e276b, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18728, encodeId=294418e284f, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18729, encodeId=321b18e295a, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1261067, encodeId=aa09126106e11, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=30c6102e2607' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高血糖#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102726, encryptionId=30c6102e2607, topicName=高血糖)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1264529, encodeId=0278126452991, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=150f19229c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ADA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1922, encryptionId=150f19229c, topicName=ADA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ad9f79, createdName=般若傻瓜, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1521563, encodeId=aa701521563b9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3c4e8985327' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血糖管理#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89853, encryptionId=3c4e8985327, topicName=血糖管理)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c2da11366066, createdName=zhangying8792, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-04-11 x35042875

    AKI对心衰临床治疗意义重大,但依然需要研究检验其适用性

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1927387, encodeId=af47192e3877c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=590220681a0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#专家解读#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20681, encryptionId=590220681a0, topicName=专家解读)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=80c5136, createdName=drj2003, createdTime=Thu Mar 19 21:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=27115, encodeId=52c92e11583, content=好好学习一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Thu Jun 11 18:47:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1690595, encodeId=f7af169059574, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5c472843a1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ASD#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2843, encryptionId=5c472843a1, topicName=ASD)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4e8529069357, createdName=okhuali, createdTime=Mon Jan 25 00:04:00 CST 2016, time=2016-01-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=20339, encodeId=539a2033927, content=AKI对心衰临床治疗意义重大,但依然需要研究检验其适用性, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Sat Apr 11 22:40:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18727, encodeId=ba2818e276b, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18728, encodeId=294418e284f, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18729, encodeId=321b18e295a, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1261067, encodeId=aa09126106e11, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=30c6102e2607' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高血糖#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102726, encryptionId=30c6102e2607, topicName=高血糖)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1264529, encodeId=0278126452991, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=150f19229c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ADA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1922, encryptionId=150f19229c, topicName=ADA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ad9f79, createdName=般若傻瓜, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1521563, encodeId=aa701521563b9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3c4e8985327' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血糖管理#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89853, encryptionId=3c4e8985327, topicName=血糖管理)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c2da11366066, createdName=zhangying8792, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-03-24 sky0909

    学习啦

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1927387, encodeId=af47192e3877c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=590220681a0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#专家解读#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20681, encryptionId=590220681a0, topicName=专家解读)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=80c5136, createdName=drj2003, createdTime=Thu Mar 19 21:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=27115, encodeId=52c92e11583, content=好好学习一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Thu Jun 11 18:47:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1690595, encodeId=f7af169059574, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5c472843a1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ASD#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2843, encryptionId=5c472843a1, topicName=ASD)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4e8529069357, createdName=okhuali, createdTime=Mon Jan 25 00:04:00 CST 2016, time=2016-01-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=20339, encodeId=539a2033927, content=AKI对心衰临床治疗意义重大,但依然需要研究检验其适用性, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Sat Apr 11 22:40:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18727, encodeId=ba2818e276b, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18728, encodeId=294418e284f, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18729, encodeId=321b18e295a, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1261067, encodeId=aa09126106e11, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=30c6102e2607' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高血糖#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102726, encryptionId=30c6102e2607, topicName=高血糖)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1264529, encodeId=0278126452991, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=150f19229c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ADA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1922, encryptionId=150f19229c, topicName=ADA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ad9f79, createdName=般若傻瓜, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1521563, encodeId=aa701521563b9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3c4e8985327' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血糖管理#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89853, encryptionId=3c4e8985327, topicName=血糖管理)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c2da11366066, createdName=zhangying8792, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-03-24 sky0909

    学习啦

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1927387, encodeId=af47192e3877c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=590220681a0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#专家解读#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20681, encryptionId=590220681a0, topicName=专家解读)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=80c5136, createdName=drj2003, createdTime=Thu Mar 19 21:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=27115, encodeId=52c92e11583, content=好好学习一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Thu Jun 11 18:47:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1690595, encodeId=f7af169059574, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5c472843a1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ASD#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2843, encryptionId=5c472843a1, topicName=ASD)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4e8529069357, createdName=okhuali, createdTime=Mon Jan 25 00:04:00 CST 2016, time=2016-01-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=20339, encodeId=539a2033927, content=AKI对心衰临床治疗意义重大,但依然需要研究检验其适用性, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Sat Apr 11 22:40:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18727, encodeId=ba2818e276b, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18728, encodeId=294418e284f, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18729, encodeId=321b18e295a, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1261067, encodeId=aa09126106e11, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=30c6102e2607' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高血糖#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102726, encryptionId=30c6102e2607, topicName=高血糖)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1264529, encodeId=0278126452991, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=150f19229c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ADA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1922, encryptionId=150f19229c, topicName=ADA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ad9f79, createdName=般若傻瓜, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1521563, encodeId=aa701521563b9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3c4e8985327' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血糖管理#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89853, encryptionId=3c4e8985327, topicName=血糖管理)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c2da11366066, createdName=zhangying8792, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-03-24 sky0909

    学习啦

    0

  8. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1927387, encodeId=af47192e3877c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=590220681a0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#专家解读#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20681, encryptionId=590220681a0, topicName=专家解读)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=80c5136, createdName=drj2003, createdTime=Thu Mar 19 21:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=27115, encodeId=52c92e11583, content=好好学习一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Thu Jun 11 18:47:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1690595, encodeId=f7af169059574, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5c472843a1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ASD#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2843, encryptionId=5c472843a1, topicName=ASD)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4e8529069357, createdName=okhuali, createdTime=Mon Jan 25 00:04:00 CST 2016, time=2016-01-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=20339, encodeId=539a2033927, content=AKI对心衰临床治疗意义重大,但依然需要研究检验其适用性, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Sat Apr 11 22:40:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18727, encodeId=ba2818e276b, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18728, encodeId=294418e284f, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18729, encodeId=321b18e295a, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1261067, encodeId=aa09126106e11, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=30c6102e2607' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高血糖#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102726, encryptionId=30c6102e2607, topicName=高血糖)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1264529, encodeId=0278126452991, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=150f19229c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ADA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1922, encryptionId=150f19229c, topicName=ADA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ad9f79, createdName=般若傻瓜, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1521563, encodeId=aa701521563b9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3c4e8985327' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血糖管理#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89853, encryptionId=3c4e8985327, topicName=血糖管理)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c2da11366066, createdName=zhangying8792, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-03-21 hbwxf
  9. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1927387, encodeId=af47192e3877c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=590220681a0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#专家解读#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20681, encryptionId=590220681a0, topicName=专家解读)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=80c5136, createdName=drj2003, createdTime=Thu Mar 19 21:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=27115, encodeId=52c92e11583, content=好好学习一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Thu Jun 11 18:47:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1690595, encodeId=f7af169059574, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5c472843a1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ASD#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2843, encryptionId=5c472843a1, topicName=ASD)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4e8529069357, createdName=okhuali, createdTime=Mon Jan 25 00:04:00 CST 2016, time=2016-01-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=20339, encodeId=539a2033927, content=AKI对心衰临床治疗意义重大,但依然需要研究检验其适用性, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Sat Apr 11 22:40:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18727, encodeId=ba2818e276b, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18728, encodeId=294418e284f, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18729, encodeId=321b18e295a, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1261067, encodeId=aa09126106e11, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=30c6102e2607' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高血糖#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102726, encryptionId=30c6102e2607, topicName=高血糖)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1264529, encodeId=0278126452991, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=150f19229c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ADA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1922, encryptionId=150f19229c, topicName=ADA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ad9f79, createdName=般若傻瓜, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1521563, encodeId=aa701521563b9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3c4e8985327' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血糖管理#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89853, encryptionId=3c4e8985327, topicName=血糖管理)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c2da11366066, createdName=zhangying8792, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-03-21 般若傻瓜
  10. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1927387, encodeId=af47192e3877c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=590220681a0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#专家解读#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20681, encryptionId=590220681a0, topicName=专家解读)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=80c5136, createdName=drj2003, createdTime=Thu Mar 19 21:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=27115, encodeId=52c92e11583, content=好好学习一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Thu Jun 11 18:47:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1690595, encodeId=f7af169059574, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5c472843a1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ASD#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2843, encryptionId=5c472843a1, topicName=ASD)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4e8529069357, createdName=okhuali, createdTime=Mon Jan 25 00:04:00 CST 2016, time=2016-01-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=20339, encodeId=539a2033927, content=AKI对心衰临床治疗意义重大,但依然需要研究检验其适用性, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Sat Apr 11 22:40:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18727, encodeId=ba2818e276b, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18728, encodeId=294418e284f, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18729, encodeId=321b18e295a, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=sky0909, createdTime=Tue Mar 24 21:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1261067, encodeId=aa09126106e11, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=30c6102e2607' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高血糖#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102726, encryptionId=30c6102e2607, topicName=高血糖)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1264529, encodeId=0278126452991, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=150f19229c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ADA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1922, encryptionId=150f19229c, topicName=ADA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ad9f79, createdName=般若傻瓜, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1521563, encodeId=aa701521563b9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3c4e8985327' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血糖管理#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89853, encryptionId=3c4e8985327, topicName=血糖管理)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c2da11366066, createdName=zhangying8792, createdTime=Sat Mar 21 06:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]

相关资讯

Diabetes Care:高血糖对南亚人左心室功能影响更大

糖尿病与左心室舒张和收缩功能有关。由于糖尿病患病率较高,南亚人处于发生LV功能障碍的特定风险中。为此,来自英国国家心肺研究所的Park博士等以老年南亚人和欧洲白人为研究对象,对糖尿病和高血糖在LV功能障碍中的作用进行了研究,发现糖尿病和高血糖对南亚人LV功能的不良影响比对欧洲人的大,这种差异不能完全由不良危险因素的不同来解释。研究结果在线发表于2013年11月15日的美国《

中国高血糖危象诊断与治疗指南

近30年来我国糖尿病患病率显著升高,最近10年糖尿病流行情况更为严重。2007至2008年中华医学会糖尿病学分会组织全国14个省(市)进行了糖尿病流行病学调查,结果显示我国20岁以上成人糖尿病患病率为9.7%,中国成人糖尿病总数达9240万,我国目前可能已成为糖尿病患病人数最多的国家。更令人担忧的是,这次调查还发现60.0%的糖尿病患者未得到及时诊断,这些患者存在很大风险,尤以高血糖危象为首发症状

美国老年患者因低血糖住院更多

美老年患者因低血糖住院“超越”因高血糖住院 美国一项研究显示,从1999年到2011年,美国老年人因低血糖住院率已高于因高血糖住院率。论文5月17日在线发表于《美国医学会杂志·内科学》(JAMA Internal Medicine)。 这项前瞻性观察研究使用了1999-2011年33952331名≥65岁的医疗保险受益人的数据。结果为,在1999-2011年,因高血糖住院下降了38.6%(从1

Circulation:新型降糖药胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂的心脏保护作用

糖尿病是心血管疾病的主要危险因素,糖尿病患者发生冠心病和卒中风险增加2倍,而且糖尿病所致心血管疾病负担也在日益增加。另外,肥胖人群的增多使糖尿病发病率上升,肥胖本身也是糖尿病患者心血管疾病的独立危险因素。 尽管强化降糖明确减少糖尿病微血管并发症,但是否减少大血管并发症仍存在争议。降糖联合降脂、降压、减肥和增加体育锻炼等综合治疗被推荐用于减少心血管风险,但是综合治疗HbA1c达标率仍<5

Medscape:肥胖会减寿8年

研究者预计,非常胖的人比体重正常者患糖尿病和心血管疾病的时间早了20年,并且比正常人少活8年。研究作者Steven A Grover医生说:“我们的这项发现是由临床意义的,在医生与患者谈论健康的生活方式有何益处时,可以引用此数据。也就是说,体重越重、年纪越轻的人,超重对健康的影响就越大。”该研究发表于近日的Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology上。研究者评估了20-

Diabetes Care:餐后短时间散步降血糖效果更佳

  美国一项研究表明,每餐后短时间散步可有效控制老年人餐后高血糖。论文6月11日在线发表于《糖尿病护理》(Diabetes Care)杂志。   研究纳入10名不吸烟、不经常活动、体质指数<35、105 mg/dl≤空腹血糖≤125 mg/dl的老年人(≥60岁)。受试者间隔4周完成3个随机排列的运动方案。每一方案均在热量室进行48小时,第1天为对照。第2天,