Hypertension:健康饮食可降低妊娠期糖尿病女性患高血压风险

2016-04-20 MedSci MedSci原创

罗克维尔市Eunice Kennedy Shriver国家儿童健康和人类发展研究所的Cuilin Zhang博士和同事们指出,既往研究表明,女性在妊娠时期患糖尿病增加今后患高血压的风险,哪怕在生产16年后,这种风险依旧存在。现在研究显示,健康饮食可降低民众患高血压的风险,也可降低孕妇患高血压的风险。研究发表在Hypertension。 约5%的孕妇患有妊娠糖尿病。在怀孕期间,胎盘产生的激素可出现胰

罗克维尔市Eunice Kennedy Shriver国家儿童健康和人类发展研究所的Cuilin Zhang博士和同事们指出,既往研究表明,女性在妊娠时期患糖尿病增加今后患高血压的风险,哪怕在生产16年后,这种风险依旧存在。现在研究显示,健康饮食可降低民众患高血压的风险,也可降低孕妇患高血压的风险。研究发表在Hypertension。 


约5%的孕妇患有妊娠糖尿病。在怀孕期间,胎盘产生的激素可出现胰岛素抵抗,影响胰岛素的正常工作,导致机体血糖水平升高。胎儿分娩后由于胎盘的排出,母体血糖恢复至正常水平。但它对母体今后有长期不良影响,如增加女性患高血压和2型糖尿病的风险。 

Zhang博士和同事对参加护士健康2期研究的3818名女性进行了研究,这些女性都有妊娠期糖尿病患病史,研究人员对她们进行了长达22年的随访,并每4年对她们进行一次饮食问卷调查。

在研究期间,1069名参与者患高血压。研究人员发现,遵循健康饮食的女性患高血压的风险比未遵循健康饮食的女性降低20%。她们采用的健康饮食包括大量食用水果和蔬菜、豆类、谷物和鱼,食用少量的红肉、加工肉类和盐,较少饮酒,经常锻炼。有人认为不健康饮食导致女性体重增加,进而增加她们患高血压的风险,但研究人员发现,这一说法仅能解释20-30%的高血压女性参与者。且他们发现,无论女性体重如何变化,健康饮食都能降低女性患高血压的风险。通过调整吸烟史、种族和高血压家族史后,这种关联依旧存在。 

治疗妊娠期糖尿病的措施通常包括健康饮食、定期锻炼和监测血糖水平等。Zhang博士指出,医务工作者应鼓励女性产后采用健康饮食并积极锻炼,避免今后患高血压的风险增加。

该研究的不足之处是,参与者大多为白人,因此,研究人员表示仍需进行更进一步的研究。未来的研究应该着重探究拉美裔和非洲裔妊娠期糖尿病女性患高血压的风险,因为她们患高血压的风险更高。

原始出处:

Li S, Zhu Y, Chavarro JE, Bao W, Tobias DK, Ley SH, Forman JP, Liu A, Mills J, Bowers K, Strøm M, Hansen S, Hu FB, Zhang C. Healthful Dietary Patterns and the Risk of Hypertension Among Women With a History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study. Hypertension. 2016 Apr 18. pii: HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.06747.

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    2016-08-01 feather89
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    2016-05-01 lshanp

    健康的生活方式对任何人、任何疾病都意义重大

    0

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