碾压原研?过一致性评价仿制药还有这三道坎

2018-09-29 特约撰稿:山东风轻 赛柏蓝

2018 年,是仿制药质量一致性评价关键的一年。在过关冲锋的路上,真刀真枪、刺刀见红!据不完全统计,截至目前,通过一致性评价的药品已经达到97个,这些新贵药品大有后来居上、压制原研、控制市场份额的趋势。但是,通过了一致性评价,仿制药身上的担子却并不轻松,还要再跨过三道坎。

2018 年,是仿制药质量一致性评价关键的一年。在过关冲锋的路上,真刀真枪、刺刀见红!据不完全统计,截至目前,通过一致性评价的药品已经达到97个,这些新贵药品大有后来居上、压制原研、控制市场份额的趋势。但是,通过了一致性评价,仿制药身上的担子却并不轻松,还要再跨过三道坎。

第一道坎:药品集中采购

2017年,医药市场大热的政策是营改增与两票制,而到了2018年,国家药品试点采购则成了大热。

根据相关文件显示,此次参加国家药品试点联合采购的遴选范围就是过一致性评价的所有通用名产品。共涉及33个品种。而此次国家试点采购的方式也基本确定,那就是国家组织,试点城市联合采购,利用上海技术平台运作。

综合来看,进入此次试点联合采购谈判的药品,不出意外,基本上就是10个点起步降价。如果没有进入一致性评价的药品,只能去瓜分剩余三至四成的市场空间。

如果按这个趋势发展下去的话,原本指望通过一致性评价进行药品提价的药企要获得市场,必须做好降价的准备。同样,这种降价刺激作用同样会传导到原来的无冕之王——原研药。在最高零售价时代,原研药享受着单独定价的优待,在药品招标采购质量分层环节则高高在上,睨视着低层次的仿制药互相残杀。

如今,原研药失去了独家分组的护身符,“高价中标高费用开路”的时代已然灰飞烟灭,在“降价生存、以价换量”紧箍咒的约束下,原研药无奈地被裹挟至滚滚降价潮流中去,市场销售结构也将在提质降价的大环境下发生剧烈改变,合规阳光的“低价格、低费率”时代已经到来。

因此,谁能抢先通过一致性评价,谁就能占有先机,一旦错过药品采购周期,虽然在有的省市后续能够直接挂网议价销售(例如广州GPO),但市场份额早已被分割了七到八成,留给自己的,除了功德无量,恐怕也真的没有多少销量了。

第二道坎:医保支付标准

记得2015年底,当时行业内流传的一份《关于基本医疗保险药品支付标准制定规则的指导意见(征求意见稿)》就几乎明确显示,未来按通用名制定支付标准的目标不变,未来一定会统一一个标准。时隔三年,目前综合相关政策来看,未来,原研药和仿制药价差大的产品,将给予2-3年过渡期,逐步实现医保支付价趋同。

写到这里,笔者不禁在思考一个问题,现在的药品集中采购已经不再“集中”,集团采购、省际区域联盟采购、片区采购、单品种带量采购等采购方式已经逐步地将药价击成碎片,未来同一个医保支付标准将以谁为标准?是以原研?还是以仿制药?

想到这里,笔者不禁想起了某省成功的经验,最大的可能也许是3年后,将通过一致性评价的仿制药原研药的各种剂型规格的产品全部打包为一组,选定基准品作为标准剂型规格的代表品,然后固定基准品的医保支付标准,相应的差比形成各自的医保支付价格,至于实际中标价格与挂网价格,呵呵,有了医保支付标准的衡量,还怕药价降不下来?!

第三道坎:医院处方习惯

在药品价格拉近的背景下,通过一致性评价的仿制药会发现,虽然自身带着与原研药平等的官方印证光环,但事实上,原研药基本都经过严格临床试验的大考,具有较强的安全性和有效性,据丁香园刊发的《生物等效与临床等效一致吗》相关材料显示,“仿制药与原研药相比,临床疗效受多种因素影响,仅药代动力学参数相似,并不能保证临床等效,医患均认为,与原研药相比,仿制药虽然生物等效,但临床疗效可能存在差异”。

而从临床使用角度来讲,如果通过一致性评价的药品与原研药价格相差不大,又凭什么放弃使用已经拥有临床基础的原研药改换成陌生的仿制药。

今年6月25日,国内某大医院在官网发布的《关于接收新药资料申报的公告》中,明确的将当时已经通过一致性评价的药品拦在了门外,这无疑很清晰地给业界传递了一个信号,如果想替代原研,仿制药只有两种手段:一是大幅降价,二是提高自身工艺水平确实证明比原研药高出一筹。无论是什么药品,是否具有完整充分的安全性,是否质量稳定才是“没有差别”的重要衡量标准,医疗机构需不需要、患者埋不埋单才是“拉近距离”的基础。

通过一致性评价是保住市场的必选项,但相关药企更要将眼光放长远。从国策来看,一致性评价将大大提升我国仿制药水平,“全力解决我国仿制药行业大而不强、“多小散乱差”的局面”,但仿制药研发和新药创制两手抓、两手都要硬才是根本的初衷。

从这个角度来讲,打铁更需自身硬,通过一致性评价仅仅是取得了及格的分数,要想赢得市场的青睐,还必须要有行百里者半九十的决心与信心,夯实自身的基础,才能从容跨过三道坎,赢得未来。

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    2018-11-01 zhanfl
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    2018-11-11 jyzxjiangqin

    一致性评价仿制药还有三道坎。

    0

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    2018-10-21 jyzxjiangqin

    一致性评价仿制药的应用。

    0

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    2018-10-09 jyzxjiangqin

    一致性评价仿制药。

    0

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    2018-10-01 drwjr
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    2018-10-01 huagfeg

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