Euro Radio:SWE和MRE在非酒精性脂肪肝纤维化分期中的应用

2022-02-18 shaosai MedSci原创

据估计,非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)的全球发病率为25%,是全球最常见的慢性肝病之一。

据估计,非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)的全球发病率为25%,是全球最常见的慢性肝病之一NAFLD包括非酒精性脂肪肝和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH),后者的特点是肝细胞损伤、炎症和发展为纤维化的高风险。NASH中肝脏纤维化的严重程度可预测患者的长期预后,包括肝脏移植和总体死亡率。如果不加以治疗,肝纤维化会进一步发展成肝硬化,从而增加肝细胞癌和肝脏相关死亡的风险。对NASH相关肝纤维化患者的早期治疗干预会稳定甚至逆转肝纤维化的进程。对肝纤维化进行准确的诊断和分期,可以对这些患者进行风险分层、监测病情发展,并有针对性地进行干预。

组织学是目前评估肝纤维化阶段的临床标准,但肝脏活检是侵入性检查且价格昂贵,并可造成较多并发症的发生。这些缺点使得组织学在非酒精性脂肪肝患者的常规筛查中无法广泛应用,因此需要用无创的方法来评估肝脏纤维化的分级。为了满足这一需求,临床上引入弹性成像技术用于肝纤维化的无创检测和分期。二维剪切波弹性成像(SWE,也称为超声弹性成像)是一种先进的基于超声的技术,与旧的如瞬时弹性成像(TE)和点剪切波弹性成像(pSWE)相比,在诊断非酒精性脂肪肝患者纤维化方面具有相当高的准确性。磁共振弹性成像(MRE)在诊断和分期非酒精性脂肪肝患者的纤维化方面表现出色。然而,目前还缺乏比较MRE和SWE对非酒精性脂肪肝患者肝脏纤维化严重程度分期的诊断准确性的研究。

近日,发表在European Radiology杂志的一项研究以组织病理学为参考标准,比较SWE与MRE在疑似或已知非酒精性脂肪肝的患者中对纤维化进行分期的诊断性能,探讨了肥胖和肝脏脂肪变性对性能的影响。

本研究对该中心的已知或疑似非酒精性脂肪肝的临床肝脏活检患者进行了同期的SWE和MRE扫描。比较了SWE和MRE对活检确定的肝纤维化阶段≥1、≥2、≥3和=4的分类AUC,以及它们各自在提供≥90%敏感性或特异性的截断值的性能参数。 

共纳入100名患者(平均年龄51.8±12.9岁;46%为男性;平均BMI 31.6±4.7 kg/m2),纤维化分级分布(0/1/2/3/4期)分别为43、36、5、10和6%。SWE和MRE的AUC(和95%CIs)为0.65(0.54-0.76)和0.81(0.72-0.89),0.81(0.71-0.91)和0.94(0.89-1.00),0.85(0.74-0.96)和0.95(0.89-1.00),以及0.91(0.79-1.00)和0.92(0.83-1.00),分别用于检测纤维化阶段≥1,≥2,≥3,和=4。对于检测纤维化阶段≥1和≥2,差异统计意义(P<0.01),但其他方面没有差异。在敏感性≥90%的截断值上,MRE在诊断纤维化阶段≥1、≥2和≥3时产生的特异性高于SWE。在≥90%的特异性截断值上,MRE在诊断纤维化阶段≥1和≥2时比SWE具有更高的敏感性。 

 剪切波弹性成像法测量的剪切波速度(a)和磁共振弹性成像法测量的肝脏硬度(b)的分布,按活检确定的纤维化分级分层。

总之,项前瞻性研究已知或疑似非酒精性脂肪肝并有临床指征的肝脏活检患者的队列中,直接比较了SWE与MRE对纤维化分期的作用。本研究表明,在两种方法都适用的患者中,MRE诊断早期(≥1和≥2)纤维化阶段的准确性明显高于SWE。

原文出处

Yingzhen N Zhang,Kathryn J Fowler,Andrew S Boehringer,et al.Comparative diagnostic performance of ultrasound shear wave elastography and magnetic resonance elastography for classifying fibrosis stage in adults with biopsy-proven nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.DOI:10.1007/s00330-021-08369-9

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    2022-05-26 feather89
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    2022-04-25 freve
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