BTSW 2015:慢性阻塞性肺病患病风险**的9大职业

2015-12-04 MedSci MedSci原创

根据英国胸学会冬季会议一项新研究表明海上工作是患慢性肺部疾病风险最高的职业,也列出了慢性阻塞性肺病患病风险最高的9大职业。 快来看看你的职业是否在内吧。 Working on the seas is highest risk job for getting chronic lung disease. MNT. 2 December 2015.

根据英国胸学会冬季会议一项新研究表明海上工作是患慢性肺部疾病风险最高的职业,也列出了慢性阻塞性肺病患病风险最高的9大职业。 快来看看你的职业是否在内吧。

伦敦帝国学院研究人员假设暴露于柴油发动机尾气和其他船只燃料的微粒可能是海员患慢性肺部疾病风险较高的原因。进一步的研究将检验这些假设。

研究小组统计评估个人患COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ,慢性阻塞性肺疾病)的风险和职业的关系,混杂因素包括吸烟史、年龄和性别。

分析没有吸烟史和哮喘的受试者,研究结果进一步得到证实。

这项研究是此类研究中欧洲规模最大的研究,使用英国生物库队列(包括大量的个人健康记录)多于50万例年龄在40-69岁之间的受试者,分析职业和患COPD风险的关系。

依据肺功能测量记录定义COPD。受试者肺功能数据与职业数据项匹配,职业根据英国SOCStandard Occupation Classification ,标准职业分类编码)。

研究共纳入228614名受试者,共包括353种职业类型。COPD患病风险最高的职业是:

1.  海员(商船队)和船工,感染COPD的风险比大众人群增加到2倍多(PR 2.64 

2. 煤矿工人(PR 2.30);

3. 工业清洗工作人员(PR 1.96);

4. 建筑工人(PR 1.86);

5. 包装生产线工人 PR 1.60);

6. 食品/饮料和烟草工人(PR 1.46);

7. 家政清洁工(PR 1.43);

8. 砖瓦匠(PR 1.41);

9.邮政工人/快递员(PR 1.35)。

伦敦帝国理工学院职业和环境呼吸疾病(国家心肺研究所)教授Paul Cullinan博士和职业流行病学教授Lesley Rushton博士和团队实施了这项研究。

研究负责人伦敦帝国学院(国家心肺研究所)职业呼吸病学学术临床讲师Sara De Matteis博士说:

本研究的主要优势是前所未有的规模,不仅可以探索在一般人群中广泛的职业与COPD的关系,也证实有关无吸烟史受试者的研究结果的有效性,这意味着能够排除任何来自吸烟的混杂效应。

职业暴露危害是可避免的和偶然发生的,因此有必要识别患COPD的风险较高的职业,消除或至少减少与工作相关的肺部疾病的负担。

很多人的职业暴露可能发生在几十年前,近年立法控制工作场所有害物质的暴露。但是我们需要保持警惕,监控和减少这些工作人员职业暴露的风险。研究的下一阶段进一步调查原因。

NHS信托基金会Aintree 大学医院呼吸科医生顾问,英国胸科学会执行委员会主席Lisa Davies博士认为:

工作场所对监测和促进更好的肺部健康有着关键作用。这可能包括提供肺功能测试、尽量减少接触有害化学物质和促进戒烟服务。必须迅速采取措施和加强适当步骤处理这份报告中强调的职业暴露风险问题。'

在英国COPD是影响人们健康的一种最常见的肺部疾病。它是一个涵盖性术语,包括慢性支气管炎、肺气肿和慢性气道疾病。

据估计在英国有300万人患有慢性阻塞性肺病,然而只有90万人被正式诊断。许多人认为他们的慢性阻塞性肺病症状仅仅是“吸烟者的咳嗽”,没有得到及时正确的治疗。在英国慢性阻塞性肺病每年导致约25000人死亡。

原始出处

GBD 2013 Risk Factors Collaborators, Forouzanfar MH, Alexander L, et al..Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet. 2015 Sep 10. pii: S0140-6736(15)00128-2.

GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators.Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013.Lancet. 2015 Jan 10;385(9963):117-71

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    2016-11-14 amy0559
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1671841, encodeId=9db116e1841e0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=58378220131' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肺病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=82201, encryptionId=58378220131, topicName=肺病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2f0826868454, createdName=amy0559, createdTime=Mon Nov 14 09:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-11-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1696664, encodeId=d5b316966645d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d2e99e651e4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阻塞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97651, encryptionId=d2e99e651e4, topicName=阻塞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a23129903429, createdName=tomyang96, createdTime=Wed Aug 24 17:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48942, encodeId=025b48942d5, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:38:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48943, encodeId=59aa48943e4, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=178, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:38:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1281737, encodeId=6b261281e3795, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ef315299070' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#患病风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=52990, encryptionId=ef315299070, topicName=患病风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0045169, createdName=木头人513, createdTime=Sat Dec 05 15:57:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-08-24 tomyang96
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1671841, encodeId=9db116e1841e0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=58378220131' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肺病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=82201, encryptionId=58378220131, topicName=肺病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2f0826868454, createdName=amy0559, createdTime=Mon Nov 14 09:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-11-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1696664, encodeId=d5b316966645d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d2e99e651e4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阻塞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97651, encryptionId=d2e99e651e4, topicName=阻塞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a23129903429, createdName=tomyang96, createdTime=Wed Aug 24 17:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48942, encodeId=025b48942d5, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:38:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48943, encodeId=59aa48943e4, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=178, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:38:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1281737, encodeId=6b261281e3795, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ef315299070' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#患病风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=52990, encryptionId=ef315299070, topicName=患病风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0045169, createdName=木头人513, createdTime=Sat Dec 05 15:57:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-27 hixiaoluo

    好文章,值得收藏

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1671841, encodeId=9db116e1841e0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=58378220131' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肺病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=82201, encryptionId=58378220131, topicName=肺病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2f0826868454, createdName=amy0559, createdTime=Mon Nov 14 09:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-11-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1696664, encodeId=d5b316966645d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d2e99e651e4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阻塞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97651, encryptionId=d2e99e651e4, topicName=阻塞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a23129903429, createdName=tomyang96, createdTime=Wed Aug 24 17:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48942, encodeId=025b48942d5, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:38:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48943, encodeId=59aa48943e4, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=178, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:38:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1281737, encodeId=6b261281e3795, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ef315299070' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#患病风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=52990, encryptionId=ef315299070, topicName=患病风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0045169, createdName=木头人513, createdTime=Sat Dec 05 15:57:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-27 hixiaoluo

    好文章,值得收藏

    0

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