Sci Signal:首次揭示金黄色葡萄球菌耐受高盐浓度机制

2016-08-18 佚名 生物谷

在一项新的研究中,来自英国帝国理工学院的研究人员发现一种新的方法来攻击金黄色葡萄球菌。他们揭示出这种细菌如何调节它的盐水平。相关研究结果发表在2016年8月16日那期Science Signaling期刊上,论文标题为“The second messenger c-di-AMP inhibits the osmolyte uptake system OpuC in Staphylococcus a


在一项新的研究中,来自英国帝国理工学院的研究人员发现一种新的方法来攻击金黄色葡萄球菌。他们揭示出这种细菌如何调节它的盐水平。相关研究结果发表在2016年8月16日那期Science Signaling期刊上,论文标题为“The second messenger c-di-AMP inhibits the osmolyte uptake system OpuC in Staphylococcus aureus”。

金黄色葡萄球菌是食物中毒的一种常见的来源,能够抵抗用于食品制备和储存的高温和高盐浓度。研究人员希望利用这种知识开发出一种通过确保食物中的所有细胞被杀死从而阻断食物中毒的处理方法。他们也正在研究这些发现是否能够有助于为病人开发出除抗生素之外的一种疗法。

在每4人当中,就有一人的皮肤上或鼻子中存在着金黄色葡萄球菌。然而,如果这些细菌侵入人体,它们能够导致严重性的疾病、血液中毒和甚至死亡。这种细菌的一种“超级细菌”形式,耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA),已对抗生素甲氧西林产生耐药性。金黄色葡萄球菌也能够导致食物中毒,经常是通过污染的肉制品(如火腿)以及三明治、沙拉和乳制品导致的。

在这项新的研究中,研究人员发现金黄色葡萄球菌如何调节它的盐摄入。破坏这种机制意味着这种细菌要么从它们的环境中摄入太多的盐,要么丢失太多的水分,无论是哪一种都会导致它们脱水和死亡。

论文通信作者、帝国理工学院医学系科学家Angelika Gründling教授说,“金黄色葡萄球菌是一种重要的致病菌,在病人体内导致很多严重性感染。根据这项研究,我们如今更好地理解这种细菌如何应付盐胁迫。尽管这项研究仍然处于初期阶段,但是我们希望这种知识将有朝一日帮助我们阻止食源性葡萄球菌感染,以及为开发除抗生素之外的一种疗法提供新的可能。”

在这项新的研究中,研究人员在实验室中研究了MRSA细胞,结果发现一种被称作环状di-AMP(c-di-AMP)的信号分子在这种细菌调节它们的盐水平中发挥着关键性作用。

金黄色葡萄球菌非常耐受高盐浓度,尽管在此之前,科学家们并不知道其中的原因。在当前的这项研究中,研究人员揭示出当这种信号分子检测到这种细菌位于高盐环境中时,它附着到几种转运蛋白上,从而指示它们作出反应和保护这种细菌。

高盐浓度会让细胞失去水分,这就是为何我们在吃咸食物后感到口渴。

因此为了阻止水分丢失,这些转运蛋白将一种像微型海绵那样发挥作用的分子运输到细胞中。这种分子吸收水分,将它封锁在细胞中,阻止它逃逸。通过阻止水分丢失,这些微型海绵分子也阻止盐进入细胞中。

研究人员能够破坏这种盐机制,并且发现通过增加信号分子c-di-AMP结合到这些转运蛋白上,这些微型海绵分子数量显著下降。抑制这种盐保护机制使得MRSA细胞对盐更加敏感,从而最终能够导致这些细菌细胞遭受破坏。

来自其他研究小组的实验已揭示出一种类似的机制也存在李斯特菌中,其中李斯特菌也是食物中毒的一种常见来源。

如今,研究人员正在研究这种机制,以便希望揭示这种信号分子调节这些转运蛋白的精确机制。他们也正在研究哪些其他类型的微型海绵分子参与这个过程。

原始出处

Christopher F. Schuster, Lauren E. Bellows1,*, Tommaso Tosi1, Ivan Campeotto1,†, Rebecca M. Corrigan1,‡, Paul Freemont2, and Angelika Gründling.The second messenger c-di-AMP inhibits the osmolyte uptake system OpuC in Staphylococcus aureus.Sci Signal.2016

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    2017-02-21 lq1776
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    2016-08-20 136****0753赵

    值得学习

    0

  5. 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    2016-08-19 1dd8a7c5m95(暂无匿称)

    学习了,赞一个!

    0

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    2016-08-19 1dd8a7c5m95(暂无匿称)

    学习了,赞一个!

    0

  10. 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    2016-08-18 doctorJiangchao

    继续学习

    0

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