Cell Metab:想要减肥和长寿,进食时间很重要

2017-07-20 佚名 生物探索

Cell Metabolism上报道美国德州大学的研究人员为了更准确地回答为什么限制热量的饮食促进长寿等难题,开发出了一种新的实验室小鼠自动给食系统。该系统揭示出之前的研究在白天喂食的缺陷,强化了进食的时间比摄入的热量更重要的观点。



Cell Metabolism上报道美国德州大学的研究人员为了更准确地回答为什么限制热量的饮食促进长寿等难题,开发出了一种新的实验室小鼠自动给食系统。该系统揭示出之前的研究在白天喂食的缺陷,强化了进食的时间比摄入的热量更重要的观点。

新喂食系统揭示进食时间很重要

美国德州大学西南医学中心的研究人员开发出了一种新的实验室小鼠自动给食系统,可以精确控制食物的数量、持续时间和喂食时间,并能记录喂食的次数和小鼠随轮跑动的活动。用这种自动给食系统进行的实验强化了一种观点,即每天进食的时间比摄入的热量更重要。相关文章发表在近期的Cell Metabolism上。

根据研究结果,在五个减肥组中,只有在活动周期中正常进食那组才是唯一有效减肥的,尽管别组的小鼠在白天休息时进食量与之相同。德州大学西南医学中心脑研究所的Joseph S. Takahashi博士说:“转换成人类行为,这些研究表明,只有在我们清醒和活跃的白天消耗热量,节食才会有效。研究结果进一步提示,即使进行节食,在晚上错误的时间进食也不会导致体重下降。”

开发这个新喂食系统的目的



利用高科技的传感器和自动喂食设备,科学家们开发了一种喂食系统来帮助回答为什么限制热量的饮食促进长寿等难题。他们说这套新工具已经提供了新见解。

Takahashi博士说:“几十年来人们都知道热量限制能延长动物的寿命,但是这些类型的研究很难进行,因为它们需要人工喂养实验对象许多年。因此,为了便于实施会采取捷径,利用星期一到星期五这样的工作周来处理问题。”

除了影响体重,科学家们相信食物在什么时间消耗会影响人的生理节律,这可能是饮食习惯影响寿命的途径。这项研究通过测试在不同喂养时间表下小鼠的白天/黑夜周期来加强这一观点。

之前的研究在白天喂食的缺陷



在发表在Cell Metabolism的研究结果中,科学家们记录了白天喂食让小鼠把它们的进食时间缩短到很短的时间,并且在白天异常活跃——这是夜行动物正常休息的时间。这些数据揭示了先前未知的喂养、新陈代谢和行为之间的关系。

两组小鼠在他们正常光暗周期中的错误时间进食,一组减少30%的热量,而另一组白天获取食物不受限制。卡路里被限制的小鼠出现自发的加快进食,在本该休息的周期活动增多,这表明它们可能患有慢性睡眠剥夺。

这是科学家考虑未来研究的一个特别重要的因素,因为许多减少热量的研究只涉及白天喂食,对于其他夜间活动的老鼠来说,这是错误的时间。未能考虑到食物摄入的时间,而来研究热量减少对寿命的影响,可能受到如睡眠不足和昼夜节律不同步的隐患因素。

研究者对该系统的评价

Takahashi博士介绍这项最新研究开发的自动化系统帮助他的团队解决了这个问题,排除了其它阻碍先前研究的混杂变量,包括不同种类的食物和食用的速度。

Takahashi博士说:“尽管有这些因素很重要,但在过去的研究中,长时间操纵进食的时间和量是困难的。这种自动化的系统,它可以为很长寿命的大规模研究提供手段,为解决开放式的问题提供方式:什么样的机制延长哺乳动物的寿命?以及它是否实际上是否减少热量摄入或消耗食物的时间是否延长寿命。”

原始出处:

Victoria A. Acosta-Rodríguez, Marleen H.M. de Groot3, Filipa Rijo-Ferreira, et al. Mice under Caloric Restriction Self-Imposea Temporal Restriction of Food Intake as Revealed by an Automated Feeder System.Cell Metabolism.5 July 2017

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    2018-05-03 一闲
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    2017-09-13 维他命
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    2017-12-01 guojianrong
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    2017-07-22 gj0737
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    2017-07-21 惠映实验室

    学习了,谢谢

    0

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    2017-07-20 天涯183

    非常好的文章,学习了,很受益

    0

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