中国科学家全新揭示:引发小头畸形的寨卡病毒演化之谜

2017-10-02 张素 中新社

在全球率先证实寨卡病毒是导致小头畸形直接原因的中国科学家们,最新揭示寨卡病毒快速演化之谜。

在全球率先证实寨卡病毒是导致小头畸形直接原因的中国科学家们,最新揭示寨卡病毒快速演化之谜。

记者1日从中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所获悉,该所许执恒研究组与军事医学研究院秦成峰课题组共同完成这项研究。


1947年,寨卡病毒首次在乌干达的猴子体内被人们发现。2015年以来,寨卡病毒感染在南美洲暴发并在全球范围内蔓延。巴西出现了首例婴儿头部畸形病例,发病率急剧上升。

许执恒认为寨卡病毒的美洲疫情暴发值得警惕,特别是“它如何从只造成轻微症状的病毒,演变为可导致小头畸形的广受关注的病毒”。

科学家发现,2015年至2016年期间分离自委内瑞拉等地的多个寨卡病毒株的神经毒力,均显着强于2010年柬埔寨分离株。委内瑞拉分离株导致小头畸形的能力也明显强于柬埔寨分离株。

科学家对全部寨卡病毒株基因组序列进行了生物信息学分析,发现与柬埔寨分离株相比,当前寨卡病毒流行株发生了7个氨基酸突变。其中,携带S139N突变的寨卡病毒在胎鼠模型中表现出更强的脑内复制能力和致小头畸形能力。

研究组注意到,S139N突变最早出现于2013年5月的法属波利尼西亚流行株,与寨卡疫情大暴发过程中大量新生儿小头畸形病例的出现高度吻合。

“这项发现为今后寨卡病毒的病原监测和风险预测提供了重要靶标,对于寨卡病毒致病机制研究和疫苗药物的研发也具有重要指导意义。”秦成峰对记者说。

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    2017-10-04 wushaoling
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