Lancet Diabetes Endo:吡格列酮的心血管风险如何?

2017-12-26 闫盈盈 环球医学

2017年发表于《Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol》上的一项随机、多中心试验,考察了吡格列酮vs磺脲类药物对二甲双胍未充分控制血糖的2型糖尿病患者心血管事件发生率的影响。

2017年发表于《Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol》上的一项随机、多中心试验,考察了吡格列酮vs磺脲类药物对二甲双胍未充分控制血糖的2型糖尿病患者心血管事件发生率的影响。

背景:旨在明确仅二甲双胍未能充分血糖控制的2型糖尿病患者的最佳治疗选择。在比较将吡格列酮vs磺脲类药物加入二甲双胍治疗方案中,2型糖尿病患者心血管事件的长期影响。

方法:TOSCA.IT是一项多中心随机务实临床试验,试验对象为二甲双胍单一治疗未充分血糖控制的50~75岁2型糖尿病患者(2-3g/d),来自于意大利57个糖尿病诊所。患者按照区组随机化(块大小10),以1:1的比例随机分配至吡格列酮(15~45mg)或磺脲类药物(格列本脲5~15mg、格列美脲2~6mg或格列齐特30~120mg,根据当地的实际)中,患者均在使用二甲双胍,并根据地区和既往心血管事件进行分层。试验非盲,但事件的裁决者对治疗分组不知。通过Cox成比例风险模型评估改良意愿治疗人群(所有随机分配的具有基线数据且未违反任何入组或排除标准相关方案的参与者)的首要结局,首要结局为全因死亡、非致命性心肌梗死、非致命性卒中或紧急冠状动脉血运重建等首次发生的复合。

结果:2008年9月18日~2014年1月15日,3028名参与者随机分组,并纳入到分析中。吡格列酮组1535人,磺脲类药物1493人[格列本脲24人(2%)、格列美脲723人(48%)、格列齐特745人(50%)]。基线时,335人(11%)具有既往心血管事件。中位随访57.3个月后,基于无效分析,研究早期停止。吡格列酮组和磺脲类药物组分别有105人(1.5/100人年)和108人(1.5/100人年)发生了首要结局(HR,0.96;95% CI,0.74~1.26;P=0.79)。吡格列酮组比磺脲类药物组发生低血糖的患者数少[148(10%)vs 508(34%),P<0.0001]。两组都发生中等程度的增重(平均少于2kg)。组间心衰、膀胱癌、骨折的发生率无显着性差异。

结论:在这项长期实效性研究中,磺脲类药物(多数为格列美脲和格列齐特)和吡格列酮作为二甲双胍的联合治疗方案所造成的心血管事件的发生率相似。这些广泛可及和可承担的治疗方法在有效性和不良事件上都是可行合适的选择,但吡格列酮与更少的低血糖事件相关。

专家点评:从罗格列酮开始,口服降糖药的心血管风险被人们逐步认知,目前所有的降糖药基本都在做心血管安全性的研究,而同为噻唑烷二酮类药物的吡格列酮心血管安全性到底如何,近期研究较为火热。本研究采用实效性随机对照研究的方法,对吡格列酮的心血管风险进行研究,研究结果为与磺脲类无差异。

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    2018-08-31 howi
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    2018-01-04 天涯183

    非常好的文章.学习了

    0

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    2017-12-26 天涯183

    非常好的文章.学习了

    0

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J Diabetes Investig:吡格列酮对脂肪萎缩的糖尿病影响有限

近期,发表于《糖尿病调查》上的文章指出,对于由于幼年皮肌炎引起的脂肪缺乏型糖尿病患者,吡格列酮虽然有轻微改善肝功能的作用,但是并不能有效的降低血糖水平。

JAMA N:卒中二级预防,吡格列酮对高风险者更加有效

缺血性卒中或TIA处于脑血管和心血管事件复发的高风险之中。目前预防是唯一有效的方法,包括抗血小板药物、颈动脉血运重建、抗凝、控制血压、降脂。2016年IRIS试验发现在标准二级预防的基础上增加吡格列酮(胰岛素增敏剂)能够把卒中或心肌梗死的风险再降低24%。虽然耐受性较好,但是吡格列酮会增加体重、引起外周水肿以及增加骨折的风险。因此,临床医师使用吡格列酮时应该仔细衡量获益和风险。

Lancet diabetes endo:对于二甲双胍控制不佳的2型糖尿病患者,添加吡格列酮或磺脲类药物对患者心血管事件发生概率的影响对比。

对于单纯用二甲双胍不能合理控制血糖的2型糖尿病患者的最佳治疗方案仍处于争议中。

Circulation:吡格列酮预防近期TIA或缺血性卒中患者卒中再发!

由此可见,吡格列酮在胰岛素抵抗的非糖尿病患者缺血性卒中二级预防中有效。

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol:相比糖尿病前期患者,吡格列酮显著降低了2型糖尿病患者肝纤维化,并增加了脂肪组织胰岛素敏感性

在本项前瞻性研究中,发现吡格列酮对2型糖尿病患者有效。相比糖尿病前期患者,吡格列酮显著降低了2型糖尿病患者肝纤维化,并增加了脂肪组织胰岛素敏感性。

JAMA Neurol:吡格列酮可降低缺血性卒中或短暂性脑缺血后复发风险

对于缺血性卒中或短暂性脑缺血后复发风险高的患者,服用吡格列酮可显著降低其复发风险,但同时增加患者的骨折风险