Crit Care:血小板输注对创伤患者结局的影响

2022-02-26 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

尽管入院时的血小板计数主要在正常范围内,但它与创伤严重程度和凝血功能障碍相关,并且可以预测出血强度和患者结局。6小时内的早期血小板输注与严重出血患者死亡率的降低相关。

创伤引起的凝血病主要包括影响患者预后的血小板减少症和血小板功能障碍。然而,血小板输注的作用仍未明确。

近日,危重病医学领域权威杂志Critical Care上发表了一篇研究文章,该研究的目的是1)评估早期血小板输注对24小时全因死亡率的影响;2)描述入院时的血小板计数及其与创伤严重程度和患者结局之间的关系。

在多中心前瞻性创伤登记处进行的观察性研究中,研究人员纳入了2011年5月至2019年6月期间在创伤中心直接办理入院的所有成年创伤患者。严重出血被定义为6小时内输注4个以上红细胞单位和/或因失血而死亡。研究人员使用单变量和多变量Logsitic回归评估入院时血小板计数和早期血小板输注(即前6小时内)对24小时全因死亡率的影响。

在纳入的19596名患者中,入院时血小板计数(229g/L[189-271])与凝血障碍、创伤负担、休克和出血严重程度相关。在Logsitic回归模型中,研究人员发现血小板计数每减少50g/L,24小时全因死亡率增加37%(OR为0.63,95%CI为0.57-0.70;p<0.001)。对于严重出血的患者,36%的患者早期输注了血小板。早期血小板输注与24小时全因死亡率降低相关(相对于无血小板或晚期血小板):OR为0.52(95%CI为0.34-0.79;p<0.05)。

由此可见,尽管入院时的血小板计数主要在正常范围内,但它与创伤严重程度和凝血功能障碍相关,并且可以预测出血强度和患者结局。6小时内的早期血小板输注与严重出血患者死亡率的降低相关。需要未来的研究来确定哪些剂量的血小板输注将改善重大创伤后的患者结局。

原始出处:

S. R. Hamada.et al.Impact of platelet transfusion on outcomes in trauma patients.Critical Care.2022.https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13054-022-03928-y

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    2022-02-26 Angela Yu

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