Sleep:白天嗜睡,或与阿尔兹海默症存在关联

2018-09-12 佚名 中国生物技术网

对一项关于老年人长期研究数据的分析表明,那些称自己在白天总犯困的人大脑中出现β-淀粉样蛋白沉积的可能性高出正常人三倍。这项研究增加了新的证据,即睡眠质量不佳可能会导致阿尔茨海默症的发展。该研究已发表在9月5日的《Sleep》上。

对一项关于老年人长期研究数据的分析表明,那些称自己在白天总犯困的人大脑中出现β-淀粉样蛋白沉积的可能性高出正常人三倍。这项研究增加了新的证据,即睡眠质量不佳可能会导致阿尔茨海默症的发展。该研究已发表在9月5日的《Sleep》上。

研究第一作者,美国约翰霍普金斯大学Bloomberg公共卫生学院精神卫生系的助理教授Adam P. Spira说:“饮食、运动和认知能力等因素被认为是预防阿尔兹海默症的重要潜在目标。但是睡眠并没有受到足够的重视,尽管这一情况可能正在改变。”

“如果睡眠紊乱会导致阿尔兹海默症,“Spira补充说:”我们就可以针对有睡眠问题的患者进行治疗,以避免这些负面结果。”

该研究使用了Baltimore纵向衰老研究(BLSA)的数据,这是美国国家老年研究所于1958年启动的一项研究。该研究对数千名志愿者在衰老过程中的健康状况进行了追踪。作为该研究定期测试的一部分,志愿者们在1991年至2000年之间填写了一份调查问卷。他们在整篇调查问卷中回答是或否。比如“你是否经常在白天想要昏昏欲睡或睡着了?(例如,在看电视或阅读时睡着)”,还有“你在白天是否会打盹?”等问题。相应的选项包括“每天”、“每周1至2次”、“每周3至5次”和“很少或几乎没有。”

BLSA研究中的部分志愿者还在1994年接受了神经成像评估。从2005年开始,这些志愿者中的一部分接受了使用匹兹堡化合物B(PiB)的正电子发射断层扫描(PET)。PiB是一种能够帮助识别神经元组织中β-淀粉样蛋白斑块的放射化合物。这些斑块是阿尔兹海默症的标志。

研究人员总共确定了123名志愿者。他们都回答了早期的调查问卷,并且平均16年后接受用PiB进行PET扫描。研究人员对这些数据进行了分析,以确定报告白天嗜睡或午睡的参与者与大脑中出现β-淀粉样蛋白斑块之间是否存在关联。

图片来源:《Sleep》

在调整可能影响白天嗜睡的人口统计学因素(如年龄、性别、受教育程度和身体质量指数)之前,他们的结果表明,那些报告称自己在白天嗜睡的人比正常人大脑中出现β-淀粉样蛋白斑块的可能性高出将近3倍。在调整了这些因素之后,风险仍然高出2.75倍。

在报告午睡的志愿者中,β-淀粉样蛋白沉积的未调整风险约为两倍,但是并不具备统计学意义。

Spira表示,目前尚不清楚为什么白天嗜睡与β-淀粉样蛋白沉积之间存在关联。一种可能性是白天犯困本身可能以某种方式导致这种蛋白质在大脑中形成。基于过去的研究,另一种更可能的解释是睡眠紊乱(比如阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停)或其他因素造成的睡眠不足,会通过一种尚不明确的机制导致β-淀粉样蛋白沉积的形成,而这些睡眠紊乱也会导致白天过度嗜睡。

Spira补充说:“然而,我们无法排除在睡眠评估时出现的β-淀粉样蛋白斑块是否是导致白天犯困的原因。”

阿尔兹海默症的动物研究表明,限制夜间睡眠时间会导致大脑和脊髓液中出现更多的β-淀粉样蛋白。少数人类研究认为睡眠质量不佳与神经元组织中高水平β-淀粉样蛋白之间存在关联。

Spira解释说,研究人员早就知道睡眠障碍在被诊断患有阿尔茨海默病的患者中很常见,越来越多的β-淀粉样蛋白斑块及相关的大脑变化也会对睡眠造成负面影响。

这项新研究进一步证明,糟糕的睡眠质量很可能真的会导致阿尔兹海默症。这表明睡眠质量也是一个风险因素,而这种因素是可以改变的,具体方法是针对影响睡眠的问题进行治疗,比如阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停、失眠和社会及个人层面的因素(比如因为工作、追剧或玩游戏造成的睡眠不足)。

Spira说:“目前还没有治愈阿尔兹海默症的办法,因此我们必须要尽最大努力去预防它。即使我们找到了治愈方法,也应该重视预防措施。提高睡眠的优先级有助于预防或减缓这种疾病的进程。”

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    2018-09-15 1e145228m78(暂无匿称)

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  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=345045, encodeId=eb4c34504583, content=学习了,谢谢作者分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3xJXLtMtt5B40XXuPjn9xn1rBhrM6fHLkX1hI86ZoWoPJkgDkZuJNKkBfBHOcRd1fAdezg7JlHNOokohdAp3WkI/0, createdBy=32c81964262, createdName=1e145228m78(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Sep 15 06:20:07 CST 2018, time=2018-09-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1344998, encodeId=1a781344998a3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cf721640495' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SLE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16404, encryptionId=cf721640495, topicName=SLE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/kbRUeosenzlejlNGWXdWjSYhBKL1QYGQwfehJOkMXHiavh5wl7pKeju5Kcxdvr50ic6FWML3x6NMCxhG1bOaVjyA/132, createdBy=20872500216, createdName=ms4657536712156177, createdTime=Thu Sep 13 15:51:00 CST 2018, time=2018-09-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1402765, encodeId=5fe41402e6508, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=60ca9e761ce' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔兹海默#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97761, encryptionId=60ca9e761ce, topicName=阿尔兹海默)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Thu Sep 13 15:51:00 CST 2018, time=2018-09-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=344620, encodeId=ac2e3446208b, content=看看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0aa31415219, createdName=orangesking, createdTime=Wed Sep 12 08:07:47 CST 2018, time=2018-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=344616, encodeId=079534461627, content=学习了谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTLbTp9nZtjwVrSZNxAXbAicnKQWnic2eBdJUQYhxO36XdkstSicr7FVF8p5ReH4omtmsbnLdvZLiaJJ1A/132, createdBy=8bff2327056, createdName=kafei, createdTime=Wed Sep 12 07:58:35 CST 2018, time=2018-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=344594, encodeId=8f27344594f0, content=学习学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRkia1DP5MpwEgtXo1XhXA11xD6MWKxunAZFXKSNic0fWHUQx83oNHPlRMxxIctM83QKeCLkJpMibibiaC/0, createdBy=7e581734408, createdName=深海的鱼, createdTime=Wed Sep 12 06:49:05 CST 2018, time=2018-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=344591, encodeId=6c0634459178, content=好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6d551998554, createdName=1e1c07bdm01(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Sep 12 06:04:11 CST 2018, time=2018-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-09-12 orangesking

    看看

    0

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    2018-09-12 kafei

    学习了谢谢分享

    0

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    2018-09-12 深海的鱼

    学习学习学习

    0

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