瑞士研究标准化菌群治疗顽固性肠道疾病

2018-07-20 佚名 科技部

人体肠道系统内存在 500 多种细菌,形成一个精细平衡的微生物生态系统——肠道菌群,帮助人体完成消化功能,向血液中输送营养和能量物质。如果肠道菌群失去平衡,人体将出现各种病症,如艰难梭菌肠炎,患者出现腹泻、消瘦等症状,严重者引起肠道出血危及生命,使用抗生素一般仅能缓解症状,但病情反复出现难以根治。目前的治疗手段如肠道菌群移植有一定疗效,但移植到患者体内的菌群是从健康人体内提取,其中包含的有害细菌有

人体肠道系统内存在 500 多种细菌,形成一个精细平衡的微生物生态系统——肠道菌群,帮助人体完成消化功能,向血液中输送营养和能量物质。如果肠道菌群失去平衡,人体将出现各种病症,如艰难梭菌肠炎,患者出现腹泻、消瘦等症状,严重者引起肠道出血危及生命,使用抗生素一般仅能缓解症状,但病情反复出现难以根治。目前的治疗手段如肠道菌群移植有一定疗效,但移植到患者体内的菌群是从健康人体内提取,其中包含的有害细菌有在患者体内失控大量繁殖的风险。

据瑞士苏黎世理工大学介绍,该校一个多学科的研发团队正在研究一种标准化的可控安全菌群,用来构成人体肠道菌群的基础“骨架”,形成肠道疾病新的治疗方法。该项成果的关键是研究人员使用新型无氧生化反应装置,在无氧环境下对人体肠道菌群的细菌进行分离和培养,研究其功能和生长条件,从中确定了十多种细菌,他们能够覆盖肠道菌群的基本功能,形成“最小化”的健康人体肠道菌群,并且找到了能够进行低成本大量生产的方法。在实验室中用这种“最小化”的健康肠道菌群在小白鼠体内进行的实验证实,对恢复肠道系统病变的小白鼠的肠道菌群的平衡确有效果。

科研团队认为,这一方法可应用于多种与肠道菌群及内分泌失衡相关的病症,如艰难梭菌肠炎、克罗恩氏病、慢性结肠炎、肥胖症、脂肪肝和糖尿病等。科研团队已经将此成果申请专利,并建立初创企业 Pharmabiome 公司进行成果转化,后续将与医疗机构合作开展临床研究,确定其安全性和实际疗效,以便投入实际应用。 该项研究获得了今年瑞士苏黎世理工大学科研成果转化奖“星火奖”(Spark Award 2018)。

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    2019-06-04 Tamikia
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    2018-07-20 龙胆草

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