PNAS:运动能预防关节炎吗?

2017-12-04 沿若 医学论坛网

在美国博物馆里,一项关于人类骨骼的研究提供了一种独特的历史视角,以了解膝关节骨性关节炎(OA),主要因素是一种老化和负重引起的疾病,这些因素在人口水平上是很难避免的。

 
在美国博物馆里,一项关于人类骨骼的研究提供了一种独特的历史视角,以了解膝关节骨性关节炎(OA),主要因素是一种老化和负重引起的疾病,这些因素在人口水平上是很难避免的。
 

 
最近做的来自不同时期的骨骼对比中,出生在后工业时代的人比那些更早出生的人更易患膝关节疾病,这论点也证实了一种普遍的看法,即这种情况正在变得越来越普遍。
 
然而,更令人惊讶的是,在研究人员控制了包括年龄和体重指数(BMI)在内的风险因素后,患病率的增加仍然存在。这些发现表明,目前掌握的风险因素可能是不完整的。
 
“在一个给定的年龄,不管你体重多少,如果你出生在二战后比你出生在二战前患有OA的可能性要大两倍。”研究的合著者丹尼尔·利伯曼说(Daniel Lieberman,博士,哈佛大学进化生物学部门的主席)。
 
尽管这项发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)杂志上的研究,并不是为了识别导致膝盖受伤的因素,包括那些没有参与研究的专家推测,身体活动的变化可能是OA患病率升高的一种解释。
 
一个缺失的环节

利伯曼决定研究膝关节的骨关节炎,他解释说:“这个疾病,就像心脏病和糖尿病,今天更普遍而且更严重,因为我们的身体不能完全适应现代的环境条件。”
 
膝盖OA在人类化石中已有记载,新的研究证实这是一种古老的疾病:研究中有8%的史前个体患有这种疾病。在过去的一个世纪里,它似乎也变得更加普遍。在819个后工业时代样本中,患病率为16%,但在1581个早期工业时代样本中患病率只有6%。

平均而言,研究中后工业化时代个体死亡的年龄、体重都比前工业化时代个体大,而年龄和BMI在这些组中与膝关节OA患病率正相关。但是,即使在控制了年龄和身体质量指数,以及性别和种族的情况下,在1976年到2015年之间去世的人中的患病率仍比那些在1905年至1940年期间死亡的人高出2.1倍。
 
健身的因素

目前,研究人员只能推测那些可能的环节——或者更有可能相关的因素。专家们一致认为,膝关节OA可以肯定是多因素造成的,利伯曼和他的小伙伴们针对现代环境提出了一些看似合理的因素,从炎性饮食到初始人行道,再到鞋子的出现。
 
在他们的考虑因素名单上,最重要的是坐不动的生活方式。研究表明,运动有助于预防膝关节OA。根据这项新研究的合著者,医学博士大卫·菲尔森(David Felson)的说法,适当的身体活动可能促进膝关节软骨、韧带和骨骼的生长和维持,并增强肌肉在关节处适当地分配负荷的能力。
 
哥伦比亚大学医学中心(Columbia University Medical Center)髋关节和膝关节重建部主任杰弗瑞·盖勒(Jeffrey Geller)指出,成年人的膝盖软骨没有血液供应,除了体育运动促进的以外,别无他法。
 
他说:“活动和负重迫使关节液中的营养物质扩散到膝关节软骨,这是它的主要营养来源。”“除了膝关节的力学作用之外,没有其他的营养机制。”
 
盖勒建议:“空中自行车…可能是最好的锻炼方式,因为对它膝关节接头的影响是最小的。”
 
借助一种快乐的体育运动可能是避开膝盖OA的合理方法,同时保持健康的饮食和体重,以减少关节的异常的负荷和损伤。
 
原始出处:


Ian J. Wallacea, Steven Worthingtonb, David T. Felsonc,et al.Knee osteoarthritis has doubled in prevalence since the mid-20th century.PNAS.August 29, 2017 vol. 114 no. 35 

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (5)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1856099, encodeId=96b51856099d5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f32014428fc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PNAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14428, encryptionId=f32014428fc, topicName=PNAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08e964, createdName=drwjr, createdTime=Tue Mar 20 06:44:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=267445, encodeId=698926e445cd, content=学习学习 保持运动状态, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/11/20/02e70d8a81756be978c1ac6ecae73990.jpg, createdBy=a0592196997, createdName=暂20a6e63m, createdTime=Thu Dec 07 07:03:57 CST 2017, time=2017-12-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=267444, encodeId=6d3526e444ad, content=学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/11/20/02e70d8a81756be978c1ac6ecae73990.jpg, createdBy=a0592196997, createdName=暂20a6e63m, createdTime=Thu Dec 07 07:03:34 CST 2017, time=2017-12-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1265585, encodeId=b007126558537, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=57a53011364' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#关节炎#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=30113, encryptionId=57a53011364, topicName=关节炎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f90281, createdName=lmm397, createdTime=Wed Dec 06 12:44:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=266960, encodeId=bb8d266960fe, content=学习了谢谢了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zSn0GqHrsfLPeNmuNF9ibgMfMOAs7Iic5MpiaU8RLmRH67xCKuk5wzfhb7G4ib7ia6z9lrnsTicj1nAUfEOMecZDtvvu/0, createdBy=d7f91939785, createdName=186****0580(小山羊), createdTime=Tue Dec 05 09:33:49 CST 2017, time=2017-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-03-20 drwjr
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1856099, encodeId=96b51856099d5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f32014428fc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PNAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14428, encryptionId=f32014428fc, topicName=PNAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08e964, createdName=drwjr, createdTime=Tue Mar 20 06:44:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=267445, encodeId=698926e445cd, content=学习学习 保持运动状态, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/11/20/02e70d8a81756be978c1ac6ecae73990.jpg, createdBy=a0592196997, createdName=暂20a6e63m, createdTime=Thu Dec 07 07:03:57 CST 2017, time=2017-12-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=267444, encodeId=6d3526e444ad, content=学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/11/20/02e70d8a81756be978c1ac6ecae73990.jpg, createdBy=a0592196997, createdName=暂20a6e63m, createdTime=Thu Dec 07 07:03:34 CST 2017, time=2017-12-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1265585, encodeId=b007126558537, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=57a53011364' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#关节炎#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=30113, encryptionId=57a53011364, topicName=关节炎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f90281, createdName=lmm397, createdTime=Wed Dec 06 12:44:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=266960, encodeId=bb8d266960fe, content=学习了谢谢了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zSn0GqHrsfLPeNmuNF9ibgMfMOAs7Iic5MpiaU8RLmRH67xCKuk5wzfhb7G4ib7ia6z9lrnsTicj1nAUfEOMecZDtvvu/0, createdBy=d7f91939785, createdName=186****0580(小山羊), createdTime=Tue Dec 05 09:33:49 CST 2017, time=2017-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-12-07 暂20a6e63m

    学习学习 保持运动状态

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1856099, encodeId=96b51856099d5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f32014428fc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PNAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14428, encryptionId=f32014428fc, topicName=PNAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08e964, createdName=drwjr, createdTime=Tue Mar 20 06:44:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=267445, encodeId=698926e445cd, content=学习学习 保持运动状态, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/11/20/02e70d8a81756be978c1ac6ecae73990.jpg, createdBy=a0592196997, createdName=暂20a6e63m, createdTime=Thu Dec 07 07:03:57 CST 2017, time=2017-12-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=267444, encodeId=6d3526e444ad, content=学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/11/20/02e70d8a81756be978c1ac6ecae73990.jpg, createdBy=a0592196997, createdName=暂20a6e63m, createdTime=Thu Dec 07 07:03:34 CST 2017, time=2017-12-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1265585, encodeId=b007126558537, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=57a53011364' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#关节炎#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=30113, encryptionId=57a53011364, topicName=关节炎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f90281, createdName=lmm397, createdTime=Wed Dec 06 12:44:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=266960, encodeId=bb8d266960fe, content=学习了谢谢了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zSn0GqHrsfLPeNmuNF9ibgMfMOAs7Iic5MpiaU8RLmRH67xCKuk5wzfhb7G4ib7ia6z9lrnsTicj1nAUfEOMecZDtvvu/0, createdBy=d7f91939785, createdName=186****0580(小山羊), createdTime=Tue Dec 05 09:33:49 CST 2017, time=2017-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-12-07 暂20a6e63m

    学习学习

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1856099, encodeId=96b51856099d5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f32014428fc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PNAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14428, encryptionId=f32014428fc, topicName=PNAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08e964, createdName=drwjr, createdTime=Tue Mar 20 06:44:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=267445, encodeId=698926e445cd, content=学习学习 保持运动状态, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/11/20/02e70d8a81756be978c1ac6ecae73990.jpg, createdBy=a0592196997, createdName=暂20a6e63m, createdTime=Thu Dec 07 07:03:57 CST 2017, time=2017-12-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=267444, encodeId=6d3526e444ad, content=学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/11/20/02e70d8a81756be978c1ac6ecae73990.jpg, createdBy=a0592196997, createdName=暂20a6e63m, createdTime=Thu Dec 07 07:03:34 CST 2017, time=2017-12-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1265585, encodeId=b007126558537, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=57a53011364' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#关节炎#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=30113, encryptionId=57a53011364, topicName=关节炎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f90281, createdName=lmm397, createdTime=Wed Dec 06 12:44:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=266960, encodeId=bb8d266960fe, content=学习了谢谢了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zSn0GqHrsfLPeNmuNF9ibgMfMOAs7Iic5MpiaU8RLmRH67xCKuk5wzfhb7G4ib7ia6z9lrnsTicj1nAUfEOMecZDtvvu/0, createdBy=d7f91939785, createdName=186****0580(小山羊), createdTime=Tue Dec 05 09:33:49 CST 2017, time=2017-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-12-06 lmm397
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1856099, encodeId=96b51856099d5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f32014428fc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PNAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14428, encryptionId=f32014428fc, topicName=PNAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08e964, createdName=drwjr, createdTime=Tue Mar 20 06:44:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=267445, encodeId=698926e445cd, content=学习学习 保持运动状态, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/11/20/02e70d8a81756be978c1ac6ecae73990.jpg, createdBy=a0592196997, createdName=暂20a6e63m, createdTime=Thu Dec 07 07:03:57 CST 2017, time=2017-12-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=267444, encodeId=6d3526e444ad, content=学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/11/20/02e70d8a81756be978c1ac6ecae73990.jpg, createdBy=a0592196997, createdName=暂20a6e63m, createdTime=Thu Dec 07 07:03:34 CST 2017, time=2017-12-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1265585, encodeId=b007126558537, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=57a53011364' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#关节炎#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=30113, encryptionId=57a53011364, topicName=关节炎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f90281, createdName=lmm397, createdTime=Wed Dec 06 12:44:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=266960, encodeId=bb8d266960fe, content=学习了谢谢了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zSn0GqHrsfLPeNmuNF9ibgMfMOAs7Iic5MpiaU8RLmRH67xCKuk5wzfhb7G4ib7ia6z9lrnsTicj1nAUfEOMecZDtvvu/0, createdBy=d7f91939785, createdName=186****0580(小山羊), createdTime=Tue Dec 05 09:33:49 CST 2017, time=2017-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-12-05 186****0580(小山羊)

    学习了谢谢了

    0