J INTERN MED:环境空气污染与心血管疾病的关系

2022-02-10 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

目前,有关环境空气污染对心血管疾病影响的现有证据已大幅增加。这些荟萃分析的结果强调了降低全球尤其是亚洲和弱势亚人群空气污染暴露水平的重要性。

目前,有关环境空气污染对心血管疾病影响的现有证据已大幅增加。

近日,内科学领域权威杂志Journal of Internal Medicine上发表一篇研究文章,在这篇综合性综述中,研究人员通过系统综述和荟萃分析总结了当前将环境空气污染与心血管疾病联系在一起的流行病学证据,并重点关注了这一关联的地理差异和易受伤害的亚人群。研究人员通过对多个数据库进行检索,纳入了在2010年至2021年1月31日期间发表的文献。研究人员进行了文献质量评估并评估了证据的强度。

在纳入的56篇文献中,研究最多的结局为卒中(22篇文献)、全因心血管疾病死亡率和发病率(19篇文献)。在较高的短期和长期环境空气污染暴露与全因心血管疾病死亡率和发病率、卒中、血压和缺血性心脏病之间存在强有力的证据。短期暴露于细颗粒物粒径<2.5μm(PM2.5)、<10μm(PM10)和氮氧化物(NOx)始终与高血压和心肌梗塞(MI)和卒中(致命卒中和非致命性卒中)风险增加相关。PM2.5的长期暴露在很大程度上与动脉粥样硬化、心肌梗死、高血压以及卒中和卒中死亡率的风险增加相关。很少有评论评估其他心血管疾病的结局,包括心律失常、心房颤动或心力衰竭,但它们通常报告了显著的正相关。

在亚洲国家和弱势亚群中,研究人员观察到了更强的关联,特别是在老年人、心脏病患者和体重较高的人群中。与实验数据一致,这项综合性综述发现的强有力证据表明,较高水平的环境空气污染会增加心血管疾病的风险,尤其是全因心血管疾病死亡率、卒中和缺血性心脏病。

由此可见,这些荟萃分析的结果强调了降低全球尤其是亚洲和弱势亚人群空气污染暴露水平的重要性

原始出处:

Jeroen de Bont,et al.Ambient air pollution and cardiovascular diseases: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Journal of Internal Medicine.2022.https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/art.42056

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