JAMA:低危女性冠状动脉钙化对患病率及预后的影响

2016-11-16 xing.T MedSci原创

由此可见,在低ASCVD风险的女性中,约三分之一存在CAC,并且相比于传统的危险因素,CAC与增加的ASCVD风险和适度增加的预后准确性相关,进一步评估这些增加的准确性的临床实用性和成本效益是很有必要的。

在根据美国心脏病学会和美国心脏协会心血管疾病预防指南确定的心血管疾病低风险的妇女中,进行冠状动脉钙化(CAC)检查在指导预防策略中的作用尚不清楚。近日,权威医学期刊JAMA上发表了一篇来自荷兰鹿特丹Erasmus大学医学中心流行病学教研室的Maryam Kavousi博士及其团队的研究文章,旨在探讨心血管疾病低风险妇女进行CAC检查在心血管疾病风险估计和分层中的潜在效用。

该研究为来自于5个大型的以人群为基础的队列研究,参与者为动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(ASCVD)10年风险低于7.5% 的女性,这五个大型队列研究为:达拉斯心脏研究(美国)、Framingham心脏研究(美国)、海因茨利多富回访研究(德国)、动脉粥样硬化的多民族研究(美国)和鹿特丹研究(荷兰)。选择这5个队列是基于来自于普通人群的低风险女性有相当大一部分其CAC检查结果和后续详细的长期随访结果可供研究人员分析。在这些队列中,研究人员通过CAC扫描(从1998年至2006年)结果分别在2012年1月1日、2014年1月1日和2015年3月6日来评估心血管事件,结合5个队列的研究结果进行固定效应荟萃分析。

通过计算机断层扫描进行CAC评分,该研究的主要评价指标为ASCVD的发生率,包括非致死性心肌梗死、冠心病死亡和卒中。研究人员采用Cox比例风险模型评估了CAC与ASCVD之间的关系,为了评估是否CAC与增强的ASCVD风险预测相关,而且好于传统的危险因素,研究人员计算了C统计量和连续重新分类改善(cNRI)指数。

来自于5个研究的6739名低风险女性,平均年龄为44至63岁,36.1%的参与者存在CAC。在队列研究中,中位随访时间为7至11.6年,总共有165例ASCVD事件发生(64例非致死性心肌梗死、29例冠心病死亡、72例卒中),ASCVD的发病率从每年每1000人1.5例到6例。相对于不存在CAC(CAC=0)的女性,CAC(CAC>0)与ASCVD风险增加相关(发病率每1000人每年,不存在CAC为1.41例 vs. 存在CAC的为4.33例;差异为2.92例[95%可信区间为2.02-3.83];多变量调整后的风险比为2.04[95%可信区间为1.44-2.90])。传统危险因素加上CAC可将C统计量从0.73(95%可信区间为0.69-0.77)提高到0.77(95%可信区间为0.74-0.81),并且所提供了进行ASCVD预测的cNRI为0.20(95%可信区间为0.09-0.31)。

由此可见,在低ASCVD风险的女性中,约三分之一存在CAC,并且相比于传统的危险因素,CAC与增加的ASCVD风险和适度增加的预后准确性相关,进一步评估这些增加的准确性的临床实用性和成本效益是很有必要的。

原始出处:

Maryam Kavousi, et al. Prevalence and Prognostic Implications of Coronary Artery Calcification in Low-Risk Women :A Meta-analysis. JAMA. November 15, 2016. 


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    2016-11-17 xinmeili
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盘点:近期“冠状动脉钙化”研究亮点汇总

冠状动脉钙化如同骨骼形成一样,是一个复杂、有机、可调控和主动的过程,为动脉粥样硬化的表现形式之一。 【1】钙补充剂的使用可增加冠状动脉钙化的发病风险 研究共纳入了来自动脉粥样硬化多种族研究的5448名非CVD(52%为女性;年龄在45-84岁)患者。使用CT测量基线时期研究对象的冠状动脉钙化(CAC)情况,并在2742参与者(≈10年后)中重复测量CAC。 基线时

JACC子刊:冠状动脉钙化与CVD预后独立相关

目的:作者旨在确定基线冠状动脉钙化(CAC),随访CAC 及,CAC进展对心血管疾病(CVD)的影响。背景:重复CAC扫描已被提议作为跟踪总动脉粥样硬化负荷的方法。然而, CAC进展是否是未来心血管事件的预测因子尚不清楚。方法:这是一项前瞻性观察性研究,共5933名无心血管疾病患者,进行了2项检查,包括CAC评分,和随后的心血管事件的评估。用平方根法计算CAC的进展。主要终点为总体心血管事件(CV

Lancet:空气污染加快了冠状动脉钙化的进展

长期暴露于小于2.5微米直径(PM2.5)的细颗粒物和交通相关的空气污染物与心血管风险有关。这些联系背后的疾病过程仍然不明朗。该研究的目的是评估长期暴露于大气污染和冠状动脉钙化和颈总动脉内膜中层厚度进展之间的关联。原始出处:Joel D Kaufman,Sara D Adar,R Graham Barr,et al.Association between air pollution and cor