NEJM:Obinutuzumab加苯丁酸氮芥治疗CLL伴合并症者更有效

2014-01-17 shumufeng dxy

研究要点: 1、抗CD20单克隆抗体与化疗联合使用可改善CLL伴合并症患者的结局; 2、研究显示,抗CD20抗体和化疗联合改善了CLL(慢性淋巴细胞白血病)伴合并症患者的预后。并且与苯丁酸氮芥合用时,obinutuzumab比利妥昔单抗更有效。 抗CD20单克隆抗体利妥昔单抗联合化疗药物用于一般状况良好的未经既往治疗的慢性淋巴细胞性白血病(CLL)患者可延长总生存期,但伴并存

研究要点:

1、抗CD20单克隆抗体与化疗联合使用可改善CLL伴合并症患者的结局;
2、研究显示,抗CD20抗体和化疗联合改善了CLL(慢性淋巴细胞白血病)伴合并症患者的预后。并且与苯丁酸氮芥合用时,obinutuzumab比利妥昔单抗更有效。

抗CD20单克隆抗体利妥昔单抗联合化疗药物用于一般状况良好的未经既往治疗的慢性淋巴细胞性白血病(CLL)患者可延长总生存期,但伴并存症的患者无此获益。德国科隆大学的Hallek博士等研究者探讨了这一2型糖基化抗体Obinutuzumab (GA101,Genentech公司)VS利妥昔单抗二者与苯丁酸氮芥用于未经既往治疗的CLL伴合并症患者的疗效。论文发表于国际权威杂志NEJM 2014年1月8日在线版。【原文下载】

各组缓解率及无进展生存
各组缓解率及无进展生存

研究者对781例未经既往治疗且累积疾病量表(CIRS)得分超过6分或估计肌酐清除率为每分钟30到 69 ml的CLL患者随机分组,分别接受苯丁酸氮芥;obinutuzumab抗体加苯丁酸氮芥;或利妥昔单抗加苯丁酸氮芥治疗。试验主要终点为研究者所评估的无进展生存率。

结果显示,患者中位年龄为73岁,基线时肌酐清除率为62 ml每分钟,CIRS得分为8分。与苯丁酸氮芥单药治疗相比, obinutuzumab 抗体加苯丁酸氮芥;或利妥昔单抗加苯丁酸氮芥治疗可增加患者的缓解率并延长无进展生存期,obinutuzumab抗体加苯丁酸氮芥;或利妥昔单抗加苯丁酸氮芥治疗组的中位无进展生存期分别为26.7个月和16.3个月,而苯丁酸氮芥单药治疗组的中位无进展生存期则为11.1个月。

与苯丁酸氮芥单药治疗组相比,苯丁酸氮芥-obinutuzumab抗体联合治疗可延长患者的总生存期。与利妥昔单抗加苯丁酸氮芥治疗相比,obinutuzumab抗体加苯丁酸氮芥治疗可导致无进展生存期延长、更高的完全缓解率(20.7% vs. 7.0%)以及分子缓解率。苯丁酸氮芥-obinutuzumab抗体联合治疗组的输注相关反应及嗜中性白血球减少症较利妥昔单抗加苯丁酸氮芥联合治疗组更常见,而感染风险未见增加。

研究者由此得出结论:抗CD20单克隆抗体与化疗联合使用可改善CLL伴合并症患者的结局。对于上述患者人群,obinutuzumab联合苯丁酸氮芥治疗优于苯丁酸氮芥联合利妥昔单抗治疗。

研究背景:

慢性淋巴细胞性白血病(CLL)的特点是B淋巴细胞的肿瘤性增生,是西方国家最常见的白血病类型。大多数患者在70岁以上,很多存在合并症。

过去的研究显示,CLL应用化疗不改善生存。抗CD20的单克隆抗体利妥昔单抗与福达拉滨和环磷酰胺联合对于初治一般状况良好的患者可以延长总生存。然而对于有合并症者则无相似的益处。先前的2期临床试验提示利妥昔单抗和苯丁酸氮芥合用对这样的病人是合理的治疗。

利妥昔单抗是嵌合1型抗体,在与CD20结合后通过补体依赖和抗体依赖的细胞毒性杀伤CLL细胞。obinutuzumab(也被称为GA101)是人源糖基化改造的2型抗体,其标靶也是CD20。在临床前研究中,obinutuzumab通过诱导直接细胞死亡和增强抗体依赖的细胞毒作用(补体依赖的细胞毒作用弱)而比利妥昔单抗发挥更大的效果。

研究者进行了3期临床试验,来确定其是否对于伴合并症的CLL患者比利妥昔单抗更有效。

原文出处:
Goede V, Fischer K, Busch R, Engelke A, Eichhorst B, Wendtner CM, Chagorova T, de la Serna J, Dilhuydy MS, Illmer T, Opat S, Owen CJ, Samoylova O, Kreuzer KA, Stilgenbauer S, Döhner H, Langerak AW, Ritgen M, Kneba M, Asikanius E, Humphrey K, Wenger M, Hallek M.Obinutuzumab plus Chlorambucil in Patients with CLL and Coexisting Conditions.N Engl J Med. 2014 Jan 8. 【原文下载】

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