Cell Report: 吸烟能够引起肺部炎症反应

2015-03-19 佚名 生物谷

慢性肺阻塞(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD)是一类十分严重的肺病,当COPD患者病情急速恶化时会伴随病毒或细菌的感染,而且会产生严重的过激免疫反应。已经有不少研究发现吸烟能够引起机体的炎症反应,所以吸烟被认为是诱发COPD的主要原因之一。然而吸烟影响机体免疫反应,并最终造成慢性免疫紊乱的机理目前还不清楚。有一些研究指出了IL-33,一类细胞因

慢性肺阻塞(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD)是一类十分严重的肺病,当COPD患者病情急速恶化时会伴随病毒或细菌的感染,而且会产生严重的过激免疫反应。已经有不少研究发现吸烟能够引起机体的炎症反应,所以吸烟被认为是诱发COPD的主要原因之一。然而吸烟影响机体免疫反应,并最终造成慢性免疫紊乱的机理目前还不清楚。有一些研究指出了IL-33,一类细胞因子,在COPD患者的病灶附近有大量分泌,然而IL-33是否真正参与了这一过程还不清楚。

最近美国MedImmune LLC公司的Alison A. Humbles博士与其研究团队在《immunity》杂志发表了研究,他们利用COPD的小鼠模型,并加以吸烟的刺激,证明了吸烟是通过IL-33诱导了过激免疫反应的产生。

首先,作者将不同品系的小鼠(野生型,IL-33-/-,IL-1R-/-)在烟雾室中进行刺激,之后在人为接受流感病毒感染。结果显示:野生型小鼠在接受延误刺激后,流感病毒感染能力提高,体现在小鼠体重下降明显。而两种突变体小鼠则没有这一变化。另外,作者分析了不同处理组小鼠的免疫细胞激活情况以及细胞因子的表达情况,发现野生型小鼠在接受烟雾刺激后,流感病毒感染造成了明显的炎症反应,然而在突变体小鼠中则没有这一反应。以上实验说明IL-33 可能参与了烟雾对炎症反应的刺激。

之后,作者将野生型小鼠放置在烟雾环境中刺激4周,8周,16周不等。最后一次刺激之后,小鼠的肺部组织取出并进行染色观察。染色结果显示,烟雾的刺激能够诱导肺部组织表达IL-33,而后续的流感刺激促进了IL-33向胞外的分泌。

为了进一步验证IL-33的功能,作者在给小鼠进行流感刺激之后,人为地注射IL-33进行刺激,结果显示,IL-33的刺激能够加剧流感病毒感染造成的炎症反应。

IL-33能够进一步刺激下游的炎症因子的产生,例如IL-33能够促进II型先天免疫细胞(ILC)产生Th2 细胞因子IL-5与IL-13。作者比较了烟雾刺激与否对肺部组织感受IL-33的区别。结果显示,烟雾刺激能够抑制IL-5与IL-13的产生。另外,作者还发现IL-33能够促进巨噬细胞与NK细胞的活化。

最后,作者通过体内实验验证了不同时期的COPD患者病灶附近的IL-33分泌量会有相应的上升。综上,作者通过一系列实验证明了吸烟促进肺部炎症反应的分子机制。

原始出处:

Jennifer Kearley,et al.Cigarette Smoke Silences Innate Lymphoid Cell Function and Facilitates an Exacerbated Type I Interleukin-33-Dependent Response to Infection.Cell Report.March 17, 2015:566–579.


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    2015-06-18 维他命
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    2015-03-21 CRAZYDAFF

    有意思

    0

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