Clin Nutrition: 与减肥手术和低热量饮食相比,极低热量生酮饮食对超重患者具有免疫调节作用

2022-06-15 xuyihan MedSci原创

生酮饮食(ketogenic-diet,简称KD),通常是指碳水化合物含量非常低、蛋白质含量适中、脂肪含量高的饮食,旨在诱导酮病或酮体的产生。

肥胖是一个全球性的健康问题,被认为是一种全球流行病。这种代谢性疾病的患病率正在加速几种疾病的发作,例如心脏代谢事件、2 型糖尿病和肝脂肪变性。此外,肥胖现在被认为是继吸烟之后最重要的可改变的癌症风险因素。2016年,有足够的证据表明避免体重增加对13种癌症具有预防癌症的作用。在肥胖的情况下,大约 70-80% 的个体在结构和功能上都发生脂肪组织重塑,从而导致炎症级联反应。研究小组之前的研究表明,极低热量生酮饮食(VLCKD)是一种以限制碳水化合物摄入为特征的饮食,以诱导新陈代谢的变化和血浆酮体的产生。本研究的目的是评估与标准的均衡低热量饮食(LCD) 或减肥手术相比,极低热量生酮饮食 (VLCKD) 引起的营养性酮症和体重减轻是否能调节肥胖患者炎症和氧化应激状况(BS)。

该研究在79名超重或肥胖患者和32名体重正常的志愿者中进行试验。肥胖患者接受了基于 VLCKD、LCD 或 BS 的减重治疗。对细胞因子和致癌/衰老生物标志物以及脂质过氧化物和总抗氧化能力的多重测试的循环水平进行了量化测量来评估不同患者之间的差异。

研究人员观察到在体重过重的情况下促炎细胞因子增加,而抗炎细胞因子减少,当患者接受减肥策略时,能量限制和手术减肥策略会引起循环细胞因子和脂质过氧化物的变化。这种效果在 VLCKD 之后的患者中比 LCD 或 BS 更显着。特别是,VLCKD 后 IL-11、IL-12、IL-2、INF-γ、INF-β、Pentraxin-3 或MMP1发生了显著的变化。而 APRIL、TWEAK、骨钙素和 IL-28A 在 BS 后增加。

 

本研究作为第一项评估与标准 LCD 和 BS 相比,VLCKD 后细胞因子和氧化应激标志物的时间进程的研究。研究结果证实VLCKD诱导的营养性酮症的免疫调节作用与减肥协同作用,可以作为改善先天免疫和预防肥胖患者感染和癌变的策略。

原始出处:

Paula M.Lorenzo. Et al. Immunomodulatory effect of a very-low-calorie ketogenic diet compared with bariatric surgery and a low-calorie diet in patients with excessive body weight. Clinical Nutrition.2022.

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    2022-06-12 CHANGE

    什么时候有懒人用的减肥神药?

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