Pediatrics:孕期使用尼古丁替代疗法是否安全?

2015-04-09 MedSci MedSci原创

孕期使用尼古丁替代疗法(NRT)不会导致胎儿大多数系统异常,但是呼吸异常除外。尽管这项研究是迄今为止范围最广数据最多的研究,但是孕期NRT的使用依然很稀少,因此该研究的统计效力有限

对于吸烟女性,尼古丁替代疗法(NRT)是其妊娠期可选择的方案之一,但是该方法对于胎儿的影响或安全性还不知。Dhalwani NN等人进行了一项研究以调查孕早期孕妇吸烟或使用尼古丁替代疗法(NRT)与胎儿先天性异常(MCA)的关系。

该研究纳入了2001-2012年间出生于英国的192,498名新生儿,将其孕妇孕期情况分为三组:尼古丁替代疗法(NRT)组(孕早期或怀孕前1月内使用NRT)、吸烟组、对照组(既没有使用NRT,也没有吸烟)。

研究结果显示,胎儿先天性异常(MCA)发生率为288/10,000活产儿(5535≥1MCA)。各组中女性发病率为:NRT组35%(最常见),吸烟组27%,对照组20%。与对照组比较,NRT组MCAs:aOR 1.12 (99% CI: 0.84-1.48);与对照组比较,吸烟组MCAs:aOR 1.05 (99% CI: 0.89-1.23)。NRT组与吸烟组比较,其MCAs:aOR 1.07 (99% CI: 0.78-1.47)。观察NRT组,除了呼吸系统异常OR 4.65 (99% CI: 1.76-12.25),胎儿其他主要系统异常与NRT无关,其呼吸异常的ARD为3/1000。

研究结果表明,孕期使用尼古丁替代疗法(NRT)不会导致胎儿大多数系统异常,但是呼吸系统异常除外。尽管这项研究是迄今为止范围最广数据最多的研究,但是孕期NRT的使用依然很稀少,因此该研究的统计效力有限。使用NRT的孕妇有更高的发病率,可能也会是影响胎儿异常的一个原因。不管怎样,无论孕妇孕早期是吸烟还是选择尼古丁替代疗法(NRT),其胎儿先天性异常(MCA)的发生率不会因此改变。

原始出处:

Dhalwani NN, Szatkowski L, Coleman T, Fiaschi L, Tata LJ.Nicotine Replacement Therapy in Pregnancy and Major Congenital Anomalies in Offspring.Pediatrics. 2015 Apr 6. pii: peds.2014-2560.

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    2015-09-19 feather89
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    2015-10-28 hbwxf
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    2015-04-13 cspcsp8072

    有用

    0

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    2015-04-13 cspcsp8072

    岂不是鼓励吸烟

    0

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