Pediatrics:抗菌药物治疗病毒性ARTI竟存在民族和种族差异?

2017-10-19 王淳 环球医学

2017年10月,发表在《Pediatrics》上的一项回顾性队列研究,考察了儿科急诊(PED)使用抗菌药物治疗病毒性急性呼吸道感染(ARTI)的民族和种族差异。研究结果表明,与非西班牙裔(NH)白人儿童相比,NH黑人和西班牙裔儿童在PED中接受抗菌药物治疗病毒性ARTI的可能性较小。

2017年10月,发表在《Pediatrics》上的一项回顾性队列研究,考察了儿科急诊(PED)使用抗菌药物治疗病毒性急性呼吸道感染(ARTI)的民族和种族差异。研究结果表明,与非西班牙裔(NH)白人儿童相比,NH黑人和西班牙裔儿童在PED中接受抗菌药物治疗病毒性ARTI的可能性较小。

背景和目的:在初级医疗机构中,ARTI的抗菌药物处方具有民族和种族差异。病毒性ARTI常在PED中确诊,而其中抗菌药物处方的民族和种族差异之前还没有进行过报道。研究人员旨在调查患者的民族和种族是否与PED中病毒性ARTI的抗菌药物处方差异相关。

方法:这是2013年在7个PEDs中进行的一项回顾性队列研究,这7个PEDs都使用的是来自于儿科急诊监护应用研究网络注册的电子健康数据。使用多变量逻辑回归检测患者民族和种族与出院的病毒性ARTI儿童的抗菌药物给药或处方之间的相关性。同时诊断细菌性感染、慢性疾病或免疫功能低下的儿童排除在外。协变量包括年龄、性别、保险情况、分诊级别、医疗服务提供者类型、急诊类型、急诊位置。

结果:39445个病毒性ARTI符合纳入标准,2.6%(95% CI,2.4~2.8)使用了抗菌药物,包括4.3%的非西班牙裔(NH)白人、1.9%的NH黑人、2.6%的西班牙裔、2.9%的其他NH儿童。多变量分析中,NH黑人(aOR,0.44;95% CI,0.36~0.53)、西班牙裔(0.65;0.53~0.81)、其他NH儿童(0.68;0.52~0.87)接受抗菌药物治疗病毒性ARTI的可能性仍然较少。

结论:与NH白人儿童相比,NH黑人和西班牙裔儿童在PED中接受抗菌药物治疗病毒性ARTI的可能性较小。将来的研究应理解为何民族和种族差异在过度用药中存在,包括父母期望、父母期望的医疗服务提供者感知、隐藏的医疗服务提供者偏倚。

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    2018-05-19 hbwxf
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    2018-09-22 feather89
  4. 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createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eoNX3lUOlDKGBUEPNwZx0nibmdcFyeibnX4WMhUSCU2REpGRWtSmnT2CCs0dA5waxvJknYDxwtYnIcQ/132, createdBy=294e2500218, createdName=ms3046638856685384, createdTime=Sun Aug 05 14:42:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1726810, encodeId=06af1e268103c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=986913980dd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13980, encryptionId=986913980dd, topicName=PE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f06c33759375, createdName=feather89, createdTime=Sat Sep 22 02:42:00 CST 2018, time=2018-09-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1986361, encodeId=803e1986361d9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f3f1e0930ed' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#病毒性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70930, encryptionId=f3f1e0930ed, topicName=病毒性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Sat May 19 22:42:00 CST 2018, time=2018-05-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1638100, encodeId=478216381004a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=afda591646' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#DIA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5916, encryptionId=afda591646, topicName=DIA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=987022654425, createdName=ms9608593228839890, createdTime=Thu Apr 19 07:42:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), 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channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=18, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2784, encryptionId=b0702e84b9, topicName=ART)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Sat Oct 21 06:42:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1373044, encodeId=a13a13e304460, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb2555e176c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗菌药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55717, encryptionId=eb2555e176c, topicName=抗菌药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7e12358, createdName=lhlxtx, createdTime=Sat Oct 21 06:42:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-05-19 howi
  5. 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channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=18, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2784, encryptionId=b0702e84b9, topicName=ART)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Sat Oct 21 06:42:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1373044, encodeId=a13a13e304460, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb2555e176c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗菌药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55717, encryptionId=eb2555e176c, topicName=抗菌药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7e12358, createdName=lhlxtx, createdTime=Sat Oct 21 06:42:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1958524, encodeId=e10b195852464, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=766713993a1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Pediatric#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13993, encryptionId=766713993a1, topicName=Pediatric)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Sat May 19 17:42:00 CST 2018, time=2018-05-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2083261, encodeId=4430208326174, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=880ee093101' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#病毒性ARTI#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70931, encryptionId=880ee093101, topicName=病毒性ARTI)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, 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channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=18, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2784, encryptionId=b0702e84b9, topicName=ART)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Sat Oct 21 06:42:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1373044, encodeId=a13a13e304460, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb2555e176c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗菌药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55717, encryptionId=eb2555e176c, topicName=抗菌药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7e12358, createdName=lhlxtx, createdTime=Sat Oct 21 06:42:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-10-25 大爰

    学习了谢谢分享!!

    0

  7. 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  8. 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  9. 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    2017-10-21 zhaojie88
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    2017-10-21 lhlxtx

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2017年4月发表在《Clin Infect Dis》的一项由美国科学家进行的研究考察了美国88个医疗中心哌拉西林/他佐巴坦钠短缺对抗菌处方和艰难梭菌风险的影响。

CMAJ:医生的历史处方行为对抗菌药物开始、选择和治疗时间的影响

在长期保健机构中,抗菌药物是最常见的处方药之一。但许多处方都存在不合适或药物使用疗程过长等问题。这意味着这些机构附近的居民有可能暴露于可避免的伤害,包括过敏、器官特异毒和产生耐药性等。2017年6月,发表在《CMAJ》的一项由加拿大科学家进行的研究,考察了长期照机构中,医生的历史处方行为是否能预测当前的处方行为。

Clin Infect Dis:抗菌药物耐药影响社区中常见感染患者的恢复?

2017年5月,发表在《Clin Infect Dis》的一项由英国科学家进行的系统回顾和Meta分析,考察了抗菌药物耐药对社区中常见感染患者恢复的影响。

Int J Antimicrob Agents:抗菌药物管理工作组意义非凡

2017年8月,发表在《Int J Antimicrob Agents》的由法国科学家进行的COLITIFOS研究表明,加强抗菌药物管理工作组在促进更好的使用最后一道防线抗菌药物中具有价值。

Int J Antimicrob Agents:抗菌药物使用相关的并发症:神经不良事件和对抗癫痫药的干扰

2017年7月,发表在《Int J Antimicrob Agents》的一项由意大利科学家进行的系统评价抗菌药物使用相关的并发症:神经不良事件和对抗癫痫药的干扰。

盘点:抗菌药物使用的近期研究一览

合理使用抗菌药物应有效地控制感染,争取最佳疗效,并预防和减少抗菌药物的不良反应,注意合适的剂量和疗程,避免产生耐药菌株。在此,小编整理了近段时间关于抗菌药物使用的相关研究一览。【1】Ann Pharmacother:急诊科抗菌药物管理干预对改善患者结局是否有意义?2017年9月,发表在《Ann Pharmacother》的一项由加拿大科学家进行的系统评价,考察了急诊科实施抗菌药物管理干预能否改善患