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贝伐珠单抗治疗肺癌脑转移伴难治性瘤周水肿的不良反应

2021-11-20 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

肺癌患者中脑转移是常见的死亡原因,发生率较高,自然 病程低于 3 个月。瘤周水肿的常规治疗手段为脱水及激素治疗,但由于血脑屏障原因,很多化疗药物无法实现良好的治疗效果。目前肺癌脑转移主要采取替莫唑胺、

肺癌患者中脑转移是常见的死亡原因,发生率较高,自然 病程低于 3 个月。瘤周水肿的常规治疗手段为脱水及激素治疗,但由于血脑屏障原因,很多化疗药物无法实现良好的治疗效果。目前肺癌脑转移主要采取替莫唑胺、卡氮芥类药物治疗,虽具有一定效果,但起效速度较慢。


本次研究对象是2017年8月~2018 年7月收治的 90 例肺癌脑转移的伴瘤周水肿患者,采用计算机随机法将其分为两组,每组各 45 例。观察组男 25 例,女 20 例,年龄 34 ~ 76 岁,平均( 55. 23±3. 42) 岁; 对照组男 24 例,女21例,年龄 33~75 岁,平均( 54. 29±3. 16) 岁。对两组研究对象基线资料比较,差异无统计学意义( P>0. 05) ,有可比性。


对照组采取常规治疗,给予地塞米松,初始药物剂量 0.75~3 mg,4 次/d,之后1片/d,药物剂量为0. 75 mg,依据患者实际病情进行有效调整,并给予静脉滴注甘露醇。与此同时,患者接受放疗与化疗。②观察组给予贝伐珠单抗治疗; 贝伐珠单抗的药物剂量为 5 mg /kg,用药间隔时间为 2 ~ 3 周。对于贝伐珠单抗联合全身化疗患者,应每间隔 3 周,进行 1 次给药。与放疗患者联合,需在放疗前给予 1 次用药,为减轻放射性脑损伤及单纯减轻脑水肿,用药间隔2~3周,需依据患者实际病情,决定用药情况。观察指标: ①对比两组患者治疗前后生活质量评分: 运用生活质量评分表( KPS) 评估患者治疗前后生活情况。②对比两组患者治疗总有效率: 显效: 临床症状完全消失,无不良反应; 有效: 临床症状基本消失,存在轻度不良反应; 无效: 没有消失临床症状,不良反应情况明显。总有效率 = ( 显效+有 效) ÷总例数×100% 。③对比两组患者不良反应情况。


两组生活质量评分比较: 治疗前,两组患者生活质量评分差异无统计学意义( P>0. 05) ; 治疗后,观察组生活质量评分更高,组间差异有统计学意义( P<0. 05) 。见表 1。


两组不良反应情况比较: 对照组患者发生痰中带血4例,鼻腔出血5例,便血2例,胃部不适3例,高血压2例; 观察组患者发生痰中带血5例,鼻腔出血4例,便血3例,胃部不适2例,高血压3例; 两组均未出现严重不良反应,相关症状经对症治疗后消失。对照组不良反应发生率 35. 56% ( 16/45)和观察组的 37. 78% ( 17 /45) 相近,差异无统计学意义( χ2 = 0. 892,P>0. 05) 。


近年来,随着广大医务工作者的深入研究,贝伐珠单抗在原发性脑瘤治疗方面日益成熟,经头颅MRI 证实,贝伐珠单抗在放化疗期间会明显缩小瘤周水肿及肿瘤,缩短和缓解患者恶心、疼痛等症状,提升持续治疗效果时间,增加病灶部位药物敏感性。但需要引起注意的是,贝伐珠单抗使用剂量过大可引发患者发生出血死亡情况,因此,在药物使用过程中,考虑药物不良反应的同时还需重视用药剂量。


综上所述,对肺癌脑转移伴难治性瘤周水肿患者采取贝伐珠单抗治疗效果确切,能够有效提升患者生活质量,降低不良反应,具有临床推广价值。


原始出处:
吉林医学 2021 年 2 月第 42 卷第 2 期

 

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    2021-11-23 小华子
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    2021-11-23 hb2008ye
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    2021-11-23 freve

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Front Oncol:非小细胞肺癌脑转移的局部与全身治疗作为首次治疗的生存比较

研究表明,对于NSCLC脑转移患者,无论是否存在与脑转移相关的临床症状,在局部治疗前进行全身治疗可能更有利于生存。

贝伐珠单抗治疗非小细胞肺癌脑转移瘤放射治疗后难治性瘤周水肿疗效观察

肺癌是发病率及病死率最高的恶性肿瘤之一,其中非小细胞肺癌约占85% ,是与脑转移瘤发展相关的常见原发性癌症。脑转移瘤病灶高表达阻滞血管内皮生长因子,促进大量结构异常的肿瘤新生血管生成并增加其通透性,导

贝伐珠单抗对肺腺癌脑转移伴难治性脑水肿患者生活质量及血清 VEGF水平的影响

肺癌是临床极其常见的恶性肿瘤,严重威胁人类的生命健康。肺癌据其生物学特征可分为非小细胞肺癌及小细胞肺癌。非小细胞肺癌是肺癌患者的主要死因,其可分为腺癌、鳞癌、大细胞肺癌和其他 类型肺癌,其中肺腺癌的发

从不吸烟与既往吸烟的肺癌患者空气污染暴露情况比较

从不吸烟的肺癌患者与女性、亚裔和空气污染暴露密切相关