Nat Genet:失眠基因

2017-06-14 佚名 中国生物技术网

一个国际研究团队首次发现了导致失眠症的7种风险基因。这项发现向阐明诱发失眠的生物学机制迈近了重要的一步。此外,该研究还证明,失眠并不像人们常说的那样只是纯粹的心理问题。该研究成果已发表在12日《Nature Genetics》上。

一个国际研究团队首次发现了导致失眠症的7种风险基因。这项发现向阐明诱发失眠的生物学机制迈近了重要的一步。此外,该研究还证明,失眠并不像人们常说的那样只是纯粹的心理问题。该研究成果已发表在12日《Nature Genetics》上。

失眠或许是最常见的健康问题。即使经过治疗,糟糕的睡眠仍然会使很多人持续的衰弱。这个国际项目的负责人是范德堡大学医学中心的Danielle Posthuma教授和Eus Van Someren教授。

失眠症患者的希望和认知

Van Someren教授专注于睡眠和失眠研究,他认为这项发现是从神经元之间通信这个层面弄清楚失眠的开始,因此有助于帮助发现新的治疗方法。
他还希望这项发现能够帮助人们认识失眠症。他说:“考虑到失眠症的严重影响、普遍程度以及风险,针对失眠原因的研究太少了。失眠常常被误会为是心理问题。我们的研究带来了一种新观点。基因也是失眠的原因。”

在113006名受测者中,研究人员发现了7种与失眠症相关的基因。在细胞基因转录调节过程以及胞吐作用中扮演着关键角色,在前者中DNA被读取以形成RNA副本,在后者中细胞释放分子以此来和外界通信。其中一种名为MEIS1的基因在过去的研究中被认为与另外两种睡眠问题相关:周期性肢体运动(PLMS)和睡眠脚动症(RLS)。通过与Konrad Oexle和德国慕尼黑Helmholtz中心神经遗传学研究所的同事合作,研究人员们得出结论,这个基因中的遗传变异似乎会导致上述所有三种睡眠问题。尤其,PLMS和RLS的特征分别是不安的运动和感觉,而失眠的特征主要是大脑意识流的不安分。

与其它特征的基因重叠

研究人员还发现了与其它特征高程度的遗传重叠现象,比如焦虑、抑郁、神经过敏症和主观幸福感低。神经科学家Anke Hammerschlag博士是该研究的第一作者,他说:“这项发现很有趣,因为这些特征通常是伴随着失眠症的。我们现在知道,这部分是由于它们共同的基因基础。”
男性和女性的不同基因

研究人员还研究了相同的基因变异对于男性女性来说是否同样重要。Posthuma教授说:“部分遗传变异其实是不同的。这表明,导致男性和女性失眠的生物学机制不同。我们还发现男性和女性患失眠症的概率不同,我们的研究样本主要是50岁以上的人,其中33%的女性称自己有失眠情况,而这个数字对于男性是24%。”

可以通过DNA样本库和大量人群的诊断来追踪这些风险基因。英国生物库拥有大量的DNA样本,但是它并没有关于失眠诊断的信息,不过他们询问过受测者是否入睡困难或者睡眠是否不间断。通过充分利用“荷兰睡眠数据库”网站(slaapregister.nl)的信息,英国生物库首次能够确定哪些受测者满足失眠症特征。这两家机构的知识共享是取得成果的原因。

原文出处:
Anke R Hammerschlag,Sven Stringer,Christiaan A de Leeuw, et al. Genome-wide association analysis of insomnia complaints identifies risk genes and genetic overlap with psychiatric and metabolic traits. Nature Genetics (2017) doi:10.1038/ng.3888

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    2017-08-18 canlab
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    2017-07-03 cy0324
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    2017-09-08 liye789132251
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    2017-06-15 Julie W

    研究带来了一种新观点。基因也是失眠的原因。”

    0

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    2017-06-14 thlabcde

    讨厌的基因,怎么办?!

    0

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