医疗卫生中人工智能(AI)使用的伦理和管治(英文)

2021-06-28 世界卫生组织 WHO

6月28日,世界卫生组织(WHO)发布指南《医疗卫生中AI使用的伦理和管治》。这份指南有160余页,阐述了AI在医疗领域中的应用、适用的法律和政策、关键的伦理原则和相应的伦理挑战、责任机制和治理框架等

中文标题:

医疗卫生中人工智能(AI)使用的伦理和管治(英文)

发布机构:

世界卫生组织

发布日期:

2021-06-28

简要介绍:

6月28日,世界卫生组织(WHO)发布指南《医疗卫生中AI使用的伦理和管治》。这份指南有160余页,阐述了AI在医疗领域中的应用、适用的法律和政策、关键的伦理原则和相应的伦理挑战、责任机制和治理框架等,共九章。

WHO表示,这是医疗AI领域首份根据道德规范和人权标准制定的综合国际指南。

指南由WHO数字卫生和卫生创新与研究团队领导完成,用时两年。同时,WHO与20人专家领导小组合作,确定6项核心原则,以提高在医疗卫生领域使用AI伦理水平。这也是该领域的第一批共识原则。

 

六项核心原则为:

 

1. 保护自治权

2. 促进人类福祉、人类安全和公共利益

3. 确保透明度、可解释性和可理解性

4. 培养责任感和问责制

5. 确保包容和公平

6. 促进具有响应性和可持续性的AI发展

WHO指出,将AI技术用于医疗卫生有着巨大的前景,将应用于医疗护理、卫生研究和药物开发、卫生系统管理和规划、公共卫生及其监测四个方面。综合指南内容,“医学界”整理了部分在医疗领域使用AI可能会出现的伦理问题及其应对措施。

在医疗AI化的背景下,自主意味着人类应该继续完全控制医疗卫生系统和医疗决策。在实践中,应该能够决定是否将AI系统用于特定的医疗决策,以及在适当时对决策进行排序。这能确保临床医生可以推翻AI系统做出的决定,使其“本质上可逆”。

另外,AI应该是透明的和可解释的。医疗卫生机构、卫生系统和公共卫生机构应定期公布使用一些AI技术的原因,以及定期评估AI的信息,避免连开发者都无法理解的“算法黑箱”出现。

相关资料下载:
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    2021-07-07 薄荷小姐

    学习了

    0

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    2021-07-07 ms3000002052890081

    看看

    0

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    2021-07-07 微探

    内容简介不错的,就是扣分多

    0

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    2021-07-07 蓝神

    学习

    0

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    2021-07-06 ls980829

    人工智能,应该是医学发展的方向

    0